Github action: Modernize/fix CI

This isn't really a useful tool for normal users. It is a demo/example
program for developers to see how the library can be used.

.github/actions/build-windows/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+name: Windows Build
+
+runs:
+    using: composite
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Create build directory
+        run: mkdir build
+        shell: bash
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -LA .. -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake
+        shell: bash
+        working-directory: build
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build .
+        shell: bash
+        working-directory: build
+

.github/actions/build/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+name: Build
+
+runs:
+    using: composite
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Create build directory
+        run: mkdir build
+        shell: bash
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -LA .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${BUILD_TYPE}
+        shell: bash
+        working-directory: build
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: make VERBOSE=1
+        shell: bash
+        working-directory: build
+
+      - name: Run outline
+        run: build/demo/osmpbf-outline resources/sample.pbf
+        shell: bash
+

.github/actions/install-macos/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+name: Install Prerequisites on macOS
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+
+  steps:
+    - name: Install packages
+      run: brew install protobuf
+      shell: bash
+

.github/actions/install-ubuntu/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+name: Install Prerequisites on Ubuntu
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+
+  steps:
+    - name: Install packages
+      run: sudo apt-get install -yq protobuf-compiler libprotobuf-dev
+      shell: bash
+

.github/actions/install-windows/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+name: Install Prerequisites on Windows
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+
+  steps:
+    - name: Install packages
+      run: vcpkg install protobuf:x64-windows zlib:x64-windows
+      shell: powershell
+

.github/workflows/c.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+name: C CI
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  ubuntu22:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    env:
+      CC: gcc
+      CXX: g++
+      CXXFLAGS: -Werror -Wall -pedantic
+      BUILD_TYPE: Debug
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/install-ubuntu
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/build
+
+  ubuntu24:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    env:
+      CC: gcc
+      CXX: g++
+      CXXFLAGS: -Werror -Wall -pedantic
+      BUILD_TYPE: Debug
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/install-ubuntu
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/build
+
+  ubuntu26:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-26.04
+    env:
+      CC: gcc
+      CXX: g++
+      CXXFLAGS: -Werror -Wall -pedantic
+      BUILD_TYPE: Debug
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/install-ubuntu
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/build
+
+  ubuntu24-clang:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    env:
+      CC: clang-18
+      CXX: clang++-18
+      CXXFLAGS: -Werror -Wall -pedantic
+      BUILD_TYPE: Debug
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/install-ubuntu
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/build
+
+  ubuntu24-release:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    env:
+      CC: gcc
+      CXX: g++
+      # disabled array-bounds warning because it is triggered by code generated by the protoc compiler
+      CXXFLAGS: -Werror -Wall -pedantic -Wno-array-bounds
+      BUILD_TYPE: Release
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/install-ubuntu
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/build
+
+  macos:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    env:
+      CC: clang
+      CXX: clang++
+      CXXFLAGS: -Werror -Wall -pedantic -Wno-nullability-extension
+      BUILD_TYPE: Debug
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/install-macos
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/build
+
+  windows:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/install-windows
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/build-windows
+

.github/workflows/java.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+name: Java CI
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  maven-ubuntu22:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - run: sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler
+      - name: Set up JDK 8
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        with:
+          distribution: zulu
+          java-version: 8
+      - name: Build with Maven
+        run: mvn -B package --file pom.xml
+
+  maven-ubuntu24:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - run: sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler
+      - name: Set up JDK 8
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        with:
+          distribution: zulu
+          java-version: 8
+      - name: Build with Maven
+        run: mvn -B package --file pom.xml
+
+  maven-ubuntu26:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-26.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - run: sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler
+      - name: Set up JDK 8
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        with:
+          distribution: zulu
+          java-version: 8
+      - name: Build with Maven
+        run: mvn -B package --file pom.xml
+
+  ant-ubuntu22:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - run: sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler libprotobuf-java
+      - name: Set up JDK 8
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        with:
+          distribution: zulu
+          java-version: 8
+      - name: Build with Ant
+        run: ant
+
+  ant-ubuntu24:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - run: sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler libprotobuf-java
+      - name: Set up JDK 8
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        with:
+          distribution: zulu
+          java-version: 8
+      - name: Build with Ant
+        run: ant
+
+  ant-ubuntu26:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-26.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - run: sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler libprotobuf-java
+      - name: Set up JDK 8
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        with:
+          distribution: zulu
+          java-version: 8
+      - name: Build with Ant
+        run: ant
+

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/build
+osmpbf.jar
+generated.java
+include/osmpbf/*.pb.h
+src/*.pb.h
+src/*.pb.o
+src/libosmpbf.a
+target
+*.swp
+obj-x86_64-linux-gnu

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+## Unreleased
+
+## Release notes for 1.7.0 (2026-07-26)
+
+- C++: Fix buffer overflow in osmpbf-outline tool [#95](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/pull/95)
+- C++: Various small code cleanups and modernizations
+- C++: osmpbf-outline tool moved to demo directory, it isn't installed by default any more. This tool was never really useful for normal users, it is more a demo/example showing how to use the library
+
+Note to packagers: You should remove the osmpbf-outline tool from packages.
+
+## Release notes for 1.6.1 (2025-12-20)
+
+- Java: Update to latest protoc and protobuf runtime versions [#92](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/pull/92)
+
+## Release notes for 1.6.0 (2024-12-10)
+
+- Java: Update to latest protoc and protobuf runtime versions [#84](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/pull/84)
+
+## Release notes for 1.5.0 (2021-01-06)
+
+- C: Support hardening buildflags set in the environment ([09845ca4](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/09845ca4087c7404b1de33914233dbf53f9de4c3))
+- C: Updated CMake configuration. This can now completely replace the configuration using the Makefiles. The Makefiles are deprecated now and will be removed in a future version.
+- Proto: Add optional way to add node locations to way ([e7d3201](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/e7d3201a97a86ef0c0608bfcd960e44e54962d7b))
+- Proto: Add optional LZ4 and ZSTD compressed data blocks ([218bfe8](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/218bfe8ed800173279ede2d9028fd9a5c33d12e4))
+
+## Release notes for 1.4.0 (2020-10-20)
+
+- License the `.proto` and header files under MIT ([5a4c8c11](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/5a4c8c11564104afca14b787ef14131053977b5b))
+- Proto: Disable deprecated `optimize_for = LITE_RUNTIME` option ([f7b77826](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/f7b77826e493ce272daf5b1fe8b2143a818134c9))
+- Proto: Specify `proto2` syntax to fix warnings with protobuf 3.0.0 ([17f2228c](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/17f2228ca80a6477af947c4d282b99a19482fb73))
+- C: Build and install a shared library ([cfea70cd](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/cfea70cdc8f321c950f53250cd9b580043ab3266))
+- C: Add support for large files ([779715f1](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/779715f1a09f32e235d6d621b37596632d8bcba0))
+- Java: Deploy Java library to Maven Central ([7a05c39e](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/7a05c39ea5dcb8b8794e2a1b531b506ce1fae5f8))
+- Java: Update Java build
+- Enable GitHub CI for Java and C ([fcdf48d9](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/fcdf48d942578af38897d4ea9f911bcdd888b3de), [2a636a31](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/commit/2a636a31f07d47cbb247a064bf8ec2bf9bc2bf65))
+
+## Release notes for 1.3.3 (2014-03-15)
+
+- Fixed ant build file.
+
+## Release notes for 1.3.2 (2014-03-12)
+
+- Small bugfixes and build enhancements.
+- Improved Debian build in coordination with Debian maintainers.
+
+## Release notes for 1.3.1 (2013-12-11)
+
+- Several building fixes and enhancements.
+
+## Release notes for 1.3.0 (2012-12-04)
+
+- Add osmosis replication fields into the header.  
+  -- Changes from Frederick Ramm <frederik@remote.org>
+
+## Release notes for 1.2.1 (2011-10-29)
+
+## Release notes for 1.2.0 (NOT RELEASED)
+
+- Bad tag, so not releasable.
+- Switched to the lite (non-introspective) version of protocol buffers
+  for a smaller library.
+- Includes support for "visible" flag on OSM objects. This allows PBF to
+  handle OSM history files.
+- Namespace and include conventions changes for the C++ library. Everything
+  is in the OSMPBF namespace. You now do:
+  #include <osmpbf/osmpbf.h>
+- Added stuff needed to build Debian/Ubuntu libosmpbf-dev package containing
+  the C++ library.
+- Added osmpbf-outline tool that shows internals of a PBF file for debugging.
+- Added magic file that can recognize OSM PBF files.
+
+  -- Changes from Jochen Topf <jochen@topf.org>
+  Peter <github@mazdermind.de>
+
+- Added a pom.xml
+
+  -- Changes from Zsombor Welker <flaktack@welker.hu>

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+
+project(osmpbf VERSION 1.7.0)
+
+set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
+
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
+
+# This is needed for the protobuf_generate_cpp() function to work on newer
+# versions of the Protobuf CMake config.
+set(protobuf_MODULE_COMPATIBLE ON CACHE BOOL "")
+
+# This is needed so that we pick up the (more modern) CONFIG mode cmake file
+# before the (older) MODULE mode cmake config file. Seems to be needed on macOS.
+set(CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_PREFER_CONFIG TRUE)
+
+find_package(Protobuf REQUIRED)
+
+add_subdirectory(osmpbf)
+
+# The osmpbf-outline tool does not compile on Windows because getopt.h is missing
+if(NOT MSVC)
+    add_subdirectory(demo)
+endif()

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+
+# OSMPBF
+
+https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary
+
+Osmpbf is a Java/C++ library to read and write OpenStreetMap PBF files.
+PBF (Protocol buffer Binary Format) is a binary file format for OpenStreetMap
+data that uses Google Protocol Buffers as low-level storage.
+
+For more information see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/PBF_Format .
+
+Note that this is a low-level library that does only part of the
+encoding/decoding needed for actually writing/reading an OSM PBF file. For
+something more complete see [libosmium](https://osmcode.org/libosmium/).
+
+[![Github Actions C++ CI](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/actions/workflows/c.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/actions/workflows/c.yml)
+[![Github Actions Java CI](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/actions/workflows/java.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/actions/workflows/java.yml)
+[![Packaging status](https://repology.org/badge/tiny-repos/libosmpbf.svg)](https://repology.org/project/libosmpbf/versions)
+
+## Java Version
+
+### Building with Maven
+
+We publish the Java library to [Maven Central](https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.openstreetmap.pbf/osmpbf): ![Maven Central](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/org.openstreetmap.pbf/osmpbf.svg)
+
+```xml
+<dependency>
+  <groupId>org.openstreetmap.pbf</groupId>
+  <artifactId>osmpbf</artifactId>
+  <version>${LATEST_VERSION}</version>
+</dependency>
+```
+
+
+To build the Java library run:
+
+```sh
+mvn package
+```
+
+For a Java usage example, see
+[`ReadFileTest`](https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary/blob/master/test.java/crosby/binary/ReadFileTest.java).
+
+### Building with Ant
+
+If you can not use Maven for some reason you can use the
+[Ant](https://ant.apache.org/) instead:
+
+```sh
+ant
+```
+
+This will build `osmpbf.jar` in the main directory.
+
+This build is also used for Debian packaging.
+
+## C++ Version
+
+To compile:
+
+```sh
+mkdir build && cd build
+cmake ..
+make
+```
+
+To install:
+
+```sh
+make install
+```
+
+There is a demo tool named osmpbf-outline that shows a debug output of some of
+the contents of a PBF file. To run it:
+
+```sh
+demo/osmpbf-outline osm-file.osm.pbf
+```
+
+
+## Using the C++ Library
+
+To include in your program use:
+
+```c
+#include <osmpbf/osmpbf.h>
+```
+
+and link with:
+
+```
+-pthread -lz -lprotobuf -losmpbf
+```
+
+
+## License
+
+The .proto definition files and osmpbf.h are licensed under the MIT license.
+The other source code is licensed under the LGPL v3+.
+

build.sh

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-protoc --java_out=generated.java src/osmformat.proto
-protoc --java_out=generated.java src/fileformat.proto
+protoc --java_out=generated.java osmpbf/osmformat.proto
+protoc --java_out=generated.java osmpbf/fileformat.proto

build.xml

@@ -21,13 +21,12 @@
 		<exec executable="/bin/sh">
 			<arg value="./build.sh"/>
 		</exec>
-		<javac destdir="${build.dir}">
-			<src>
-				<dirset dir="${src.dir}"/>
-				<dirset dir="${src.generated.dir}"/>
-			</src>
+		<javac includeantruntime="false" destdir="${build.dir}" source="1.8" target="1.8">
+			<src path="${src.dir}"/>
+			<src path="${src.generated.dir}"/>
 			<classpath>
 				<fileset file="/usr/share/java/protobuf.jar"/>
+				<fileset file="/usr/share/java/protobuf-java.jar"/>
 			</classpath>
 		</javac>
 	</target>

demo/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+osmpbf-outline

demo/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED)
+find_package(Threads)
+
+include_directories("${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
+include_directories(${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})
+
+add_definitions(-D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64)
+
+add_executable(osmpbf-outline osmpbf-outline.cpp)
+
+target_include_directories(osmpbf-outline SYSTEM PRIVATE ${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR})
+target_link_libraries(osmpbf-outline PRIVATE osmpbf ZLIB::ZLIB protobuf::libprotobuf)
+set_property(TARGET osmpbf-outline PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 11)
+
+#install(TARGETS osmpbf-outline RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
+#install(FILES osmpbf-outline.1 DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_MANDIR}/man1)

demo/osmpbf-outline.1

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+.TH osmpbf-outline 1 LOCAL
+
+.SH NAME
+
+osmpbf-outline - outline the content of an .osm.pbf or .osh.pbf file
+
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+
+.B osmpbf-outline
+[
+.B --color
+]
+.I filename
+
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+
+.I osmpbf-outline
+generates a colored outline of an .osm.pbf or .osh.pbf file, revealing its inner structure.
+It does not decode all information nor does it check for of possible mistakes, but it will
+warn on some bad mistakes one can make when generating .osm.pbf files.
+
+This tool can be used by authors of .osm.pbf readers and writers and is useful to understand
+the inner blob/block structure of .osm.pbf files.
+
+Its source code is heavily documented and can be used as a good starting point
+understanding on how to read and write .osm.pbf files with C++.
+
+.SH OPTIONS
+.TP 5
+
+.B -c, --color
+usually colorization is disabled when writing to a file descriptor that is not a tty (eg. when
+the output is piped to a file or to a pager like more or less). Some pagers can handle ANSI
+color code (
+.I more
+can, less can when invoked as
+.I less -R
+). To enforce colorization when working with such pagers, specify the
+.B --color
+flag.
+
+.SH EXAMPLES
+
+osmpbf-outline germany.osm.pbf
+
+.SH AUTHOR
+ Peter Koerner <peter@mazdermind.de>
+ Jochen Topf <jochen@topf.org>
+

demo/osmpbf-outline.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+// used for 'isatty'
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+// used for va_list in debug-print methods
+#include <cstdarg>
+
+// file io lib
+#include <cstdio>
+
+// getopt is used to check for the --color-flag
+#include <getopt.h>
+
+// zlib compression is used inside the pbf blobs
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+// netinet or winsock2 provides the network-byte-order conversion function
+#ifdef D_HAVE_WINSOCK
+    #include <winsock2.h>
+#else
+    #include <netinet/in.h>
+#endif
+
+// this is the header to pbf format
+#include <osmpbf/osmpbf.h>
+
+namespace {
+
+// should the output use color?
+bool usecolor = false;
+
+// prints a formatted message to stdout, optionally color coded
+void msg(const char* format, int color, va_list args) {
+    if (usecolor) {
+        std::fprintf(stdout, "\x1b[0;%dm", color);
+    }
+    std::vfprintf(stdout, format, args);
+    if (usecolor) {
+        std::fprintf(stdout, "\x1b[0m\n");
+    } else {
+        std::fprintf(stdout, "\n");
+    }
+}
+
+// prints a formatted message to stdout, color coded to red
+[[noreturn]] void err(const char* format, ...) {
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, format);
+    msg(format, 31, args);
+    va_end(args);
+    std::exit(1);
+}
+
+// prints a formatted message to stdout, color coded to yellow
+void warn(const char* format, ...) {
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, format);
+    msg(format, 33, args);
+    va_end(args);
+}
+
+// prints a formatted message to stdout, color coded to green
+void info(const char* format, ...) {
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, format);
+    msg(format, 32, args);
+    va_end(args);
+}
+
+// prints a formatted message to stdout, color coded to white
+void debug(const char* format, ...) {
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, format);
+    msg(format, 37, args);
+    va_end(args);
+}
+
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+// application main method
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    // check if the output is a tty so we can use colors
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+    usecolor = false;
+#else
+    usecolor = isatty(1);
+#endif
+
+    option const long_options[] = {
+        {"color", no_argument, nullptr, 'c'},
+        {nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0}
+    };
+
+    while (true) {
+        int const c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "c", long_options, nullptr);
+
+        if (c == -1) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        switch (c) {
+            case 'c':
+                usecolor = true;
+                break;
+            default:
+                return 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // check for proper command line args
+    if (optind != argc-1) {
+        err("usage: %s [--color] file.osm.pbf", argv[0]);
+    }
+
+    // open specified file
+    FILE *fp = std::fopen(argv[optind], "rb");
+
+    if (!fp) {
+        err("can't open file '%s'", argv[optind]);
+    }
+
+    // buffer for reading a compressed blob from file
+    static char buffer[OSMPBF::max_uncompressed_blob_size];
+
+    // buffer for decompressing the blob
+    static char unpack_buffer[OSMPBF::max_uncompressed_blob_size];
+
+    // read while the file has not reached its end
+    while (!std::feof(fp)) {
+        // storage of size, used multiple times
+        std::uint32_t sz = 0;
+
+        // read the first 4 bytes of the file, this is the size of the blob-header
+        if (std::fread(&sz, sizeof(sz), 1, fp) != 1) {
+            break; // end of file reached
+        }
+
+        // convert the size from network byte-order to host byte-order
+        sz = ntohl(sz);
+
+        // ensure the blob-header is smaller then MAX_BLOB_HEADER_SIZE
+        if (sz > OSMPBF::max_blob_header_size) {
+            err("blob-header-size is bigger then allowed (%u > %u)", sz, OSMPBF::max_blob_header_size);
+        }
+
+        // read the blob-header from the file
+        if (std::fread(buffer, sz, 1, fp) != 1) {
+            err("unable to read blob-header from file");
+        }
+
+        // pbf struct of a BlobHeader
+        OSMPBF::BlobHeader blobheader;
+
+        // parse the blob-header from the read-buffer
+        if (!blobheader.ParseFromArray(buffer, static_cast<int>(sz))) {
+            err("unable to parse blob header");
+        }
+
+        // tell about the blob-header
+        info("\nBlobHeader (%d bytes)", sz);
+        debug("  type = %s", blobheader.type().c_str());
+
+        // size of the following blob
+        sz = blobheader.datasize();
+        debug("  datasize = %u", sz);
+
+        // optional indexdata
+        if (blobheader.has_indexdata()) {
+            debug("  indexdata = %u bytes", blobheader.indexdata().size());
+        }
+
+        // ensure the blob is smaller then MAX_BLOB_SIZE
+        if (sz > OSMPBF::max_uncompressed_blob_size) {
+            err("blob-size is bigger then allowed (%u > %u)", sz, OSMPBF::max_uncompressed_blob_size);
+        }
+
+        // read the blob from the file
+        if (std::fread(buffer, sz, 1, fp) != 1) {
+            err("unable to read blob from file");
+        }
+
+        // pbf struct of a Blob
+        OSMPBF::Blob blob;
+
+        // parse the blob from the read-buffer
+        if (!blob.ParseFromArray(buffer, static_cast<int>(sz))) {
+            err("unable to parse blob");
+        }
+
+        // tell about the blob-header
+        info("Blob (%d bytes)", sz);
+
+        // set when we find at least one data stream
+        bool found_data = false;
+
+        // if the blob has uncompressed data
+        if (blob.has_raw()) {
+            // we have at least one datastream
+            found_data = true;
+
+            // size of the blob-data
+            sz = blob.raw().size();
+
+            // check that raw_size is set correctly
+            if (sz != static_cast<std::uint32_t>(blob.raw_size())) {
+                warn("  reports wrong raw_size: %d bytes", blob.raw_size());
+            }
+
+            // tell about the blob-data
+            debug("  contains uncompressed data: %u bytes", sz);
+
+            // copy the uncompressed data over to the unpack_buffer
+            std::memcpy(unpack_buffer, buffer, sz);
+        }
+
+        // if the blob has zlib-compressed data
+        if (blob.has_zlib_data()) {
+            // issue a warning if there is more than one data steam, a blob may only contain one data stream
+            if (found_data) {
+                warn("  contains several data streams");
+            }
+
+            // we have at least one datastream
+            found_data = true;
+
+            // the size of the compressesd data
+            sz = blob.zlib_data().size();
+
+            // tell about the compressed data
+            debug("  contains zlib-compressed data: %u bytes", sz);
+            debug("  uncompressed size: %u bytes", blob.raw_size());
+
+            // ensure the raw_size fits into the unpack_buffer, otherwise
+            // zlib would inflate past the end of the fixed-size buffer
+            if (blob.raw_size() < 0 || blob.raw_size() > OSMPBF::max_uncompressed_blob_size) {
+                err("  raw_size is bigger then allowed (%d > %u)", blob.raw_size(), OSMPBF::max_uncompressed_blob_size);
+            }
+
+            // zlib information
+            z_stream z;
+
+            // next byte to decompress
+            z.next_in   = (unsigned char*) blob.zlib_data().c_str();
+
+            // number of bytes to decompress
+            z.avail_in  = sz;
+
+            // place of next decompressed byte
+            z.next_out  = (unsigned char*) unpack_buffer;
+
+            // space for decompressed data
+            z.avail_out = blob.raw_size();
+
+            // misc
+            z.zalloc    = Z_NULL;
+            z.zfree     = Z_NULL;
+            z.opaque    = Z_NULL;
+
+            if (inflateInit(&z) != Z_OK) {
+                err("  failed to init zlib stream");
+            }
+            if (inflate(&z, Z_FINISH) != Z_STREAM_END) {
+                err("  failed to inflate zlib stream");
+            }
+            if (inflateEnd(&z) != Z_OK) {
+                err("  failed to deinit zlib stream");
+            }
+
+            // unpacked size
+            sz = z.total_out;
+        }
+
+        // if the blob has lzma-compressed data
+        if (blob.has_lzma_data()) {
+            // issue a warning if there is more than one data steam, a blob may only contain one data stream
+            if (found_data) {
+                warn("  contains several data streams");
+            }
+
+            // tell about the compressed data
+            debug("  contains lzma-compressed data: %u bytes", blob.lzma_data().size());
+            debug("  uncompressed size: %u bytes", blob.raw_size());
+
+            // issue a warning, lzma compression is not yet supported
+            err("  lzma-decompression is not supported");
+        }
+
+        // if the blob has lz4-compressed data
+        if (blob.has_lz4_data()) {
+            // issue a warning if there is more than one data steam, a blob may only contain one data stream
+            if (found_data) {
+                warn("  contains several data streams");
+            }
+
+            // tell about the compressed data
+            debug("  contains lz4-compressed data: %u bytes", blob.lz4_data().size());
+            debug("  uncompressed size: %u bytes", blob.raw_size());
+
+            // issue a warning, lz4 compression is not yet supported
+            err("  lz4-decompression is not supported");
+        }
+
+        // if the blob has zstd-compressed data
+        if (blob.has_zstd_data()) {
+            // issue a warning if there is more than one data steam, a blob may only contain one data stream
+            if (found_data) {
+                warn("  contains several data streams");
+            }
+
+            // tell about the compressed data
+            debug("  contains zstd-compressed data: %u bytes", blob.zstd_data().size());
+            debug("  uncompressed size: %u bytes", blob.raw_size());
+
+            // issue a warning, zstd compression is not yet supported
+            err("  zstd-decompression is not supported");
+        }
+
+        // check we have at least one data-stream
+        if (!found_data) {
+            err("  does not contain any known data stream");
+        }
+
+        // switch between different blob-types
+        if (blobheader.type() == "OSMHeader") {
+            // tell about the OSMHeader blob
+            info("  OSMHeader");
+
+            // pbf struct of an OSM HeaderBlock
+            OSMPBF::HeaderBlock headerblock;
+
+            // parse the HeaderBlock from the blob
+            if (!headerblock.ParseFromArray(unpack_buffer, static_cast<int>(sz))) {
+                err("unable to parse header block");
+            }
+
+            // tell about the bbox
+            if (headerblock.has_bbox()) {
+                OSMPBF::HeaderBBox const& bbox = headerblock.bbox();
+                debug("    bbox: %.7f,%.7f,%.7f,%.7f",
+                    static_cast<double>(bbox.left()) / OSMPBF::lonlat_resolution,
+                    static_cast<double>(bbox.bottom()) / OSMPBF::lonlat_resolution,
+                    static_cast<double>(bbox.right()) / OSMPBF::lonlat_resolution,
+                    static_cast<double>(bbox.top()) / OSMPBF::lonlat_resolution);
+            }
+
+            // tell about the required features
+            for (int i = 0, l = headerblock.required_features_size(); i < l; ++i) {
+                debug("    required_feature: %s", headerblock.required_features(i).c_str());
+            }
+
+            // tell about the optional features
+            for (int i = 0, l = headerblock.optional_features_size(); i < l; ++i) {
+                debug("    optional_feature: %s", headerblock.optional_features(i).c_str());
+            }
+
+            // tell about the writing program
+            if (headerblock.has_writingprogram()) {
+                debug("    writingprogram: %s", headerblock.writingprogram().c_str());
+            }
+
+            // tell about the source
+            if (headerblock.has_source()) {
+                debug("    source: %s", headerblock.source().c_str());
+            }
+        } else if (blobheader.type() == "OSMData") {
+            // tell about the OSMData blob
+            info("  OSMData");
+
+            // pbf struct of an OSM PrimitiveBlock
+            OSMPBF::PrimitiveBlock primblock;
+
+            // parse the PrimitiveBlock from the blob
+            if (!primblock.ParseFromArray(unpack_buffer, static_cast<int>(sz))) {
+                err("unable to parse primitive block");
+            }
+
+            // tell about the block's meta info
+            debug("    granularity: %u", primblock.granularity());
+            debug("    lat_offset: %u", primblock.lat_offset());
+            debug("    lon_offset: %u", primblock.lon_offset());
+            debug("    date_granularity: %u", primblock.date_granularity());
+
+            // tell about the stringtable
+            debug("    stringtable: %u items", primblock.stringtable().s_size());
+
+            // number of PrimitiveGroups
+            debug("    primitivegroups: %u groups", primblock.primitivegroup_size());
+
+            // iterate over all PrimitiveGroups
+            for (int i = 0, l = primblock.primitivegroup_size(); i < l; ++i) {
+                // one PrimitiveGroup from the the Block
+                OSMPBF::PrimitiveGroup const& pg = primblock.primitivegroup(i);
+
+                bool found_items = false;
+
+                // tell about nodes
+                if (pg.nodes_size() > 0) {
+                    found_items = true;
+
+                    debug("      nodes: %d", pg.nodes_size());
+                    if (pg.nodes(0).has_info()) {
+                        debug("        with meta-info");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // tell about dense nodes
+                if (pg.has_dense()) {
+                    found_items = true;
+
+                    debug("      dense nodes: %d", pg.dense().id_size());
+                    if (pg.dense().has_denseinfo()) {
+                        debug("        with meta-info");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // tell about ways
+                if (pg.ways_size() > 0) {
+                    found_items = true;
+
+                    debug("      ways: %d", pg.ways_size());
+                    if (pg.ways(0).has_info()) {
+                        debug("        with meta-info");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // tell about relations
+                if (pg.relations_size() > 0) {
+                    found_items = true;
+
+                    debug("      relations: %d", pg.relations_size());
+                    if (pg.relations(0).has_info()) {
+                        debug("        with meta-info");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (!found_items) {
+                    warn("      contains no items");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        else {
+            // unknown blob type
+            warn("  unknown blob type: %s", blobheader.type().c_str());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // close the file pointer
+    std::fclose(fp);
+
+    // clean up the protobuf lib
+    google::protobuf::ShutdownProtobufLibrary();
+}
+

include/osmpbf/osmpbf.h

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef OSMPBF_H
+#define OSMPBF_H
+/*
+ Copyright 2011-2014 Jochen Topf <jochen@topf.org>,
+ Copyrigt 2012 Scott A. Crosby. <scott@sacrosby.com>
+
+ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+ The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+ */
+
+// this describes the low-level blob storage
+#include <osmpbf/fileformat.pb.h> // IWYU pragma: export
+
+// this describes the high-level OSM objects
+#include <osmpbf/osmformat.pb.h> // IWYU pragma: export
+
+#define OSMPBF_VERSION "1.7.0"
+
+namespace OSMPBF {
+
+    // the maximum size of a blob header in bytes
+    const int max_blob_header_size = 64 * 1024; // 64 kB
+
+    // the maximum size of an uncompressed blob in bytes
+    const int max_uncompressed_blob_size = 32 * 1024 * 1024; // 32 MB
+
+    // resolution for longitude/latitude used for conversion
+    // between representation as double and as int
+    const int lonlat_resolution = 1000 * 1000 * 1000; 
+
+}
+
+#endif // OSMPBF_H

magic

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Magic data for file(1) command.
+# Format is described in magic(5).
+6   string  OSMHeader   OpenStreetMap PBF

osmpbf/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+protobuf_generate_cpp(CPPS HS fileformat.proto osmformat.proto)
+
+add_library(osmpbf STATIC ${CPPS})
+target_compile_features(osmpbf PUBLIC cxx_std_11)
+target_link_libraries(osmpbf PRIVATE protobuf::libprotobuf)
+target_include_directories(osmpbf SYSTEM PUBLIC ${Protobuf_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+install(TARGETS osmpbf ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
+
+add_library(osmpbf_shared SHARED ${CPPS})
+target_compile_features(osmpbf_shared PUBLIC cxx_std_11)
+target_link_libraries(osmpbf_shared PRIVATE protobuf::libprotobuf)
+target_include_directories(osmpbf_shared SYSTEM PUBLIC ${Protobuf_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+set_target_properties(osmpbf_shared PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME osmpbf
+                                               VERSION ${PROJECT_VERSION}
+                                               SOVERSION ${PROJECT_VERSION_MAJOR})
+install(TARGETS osmpbf_shared LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})
+
+install(FILES ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include/osmpbf/osmpbf.h
+              ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/osmpbf/osmformat.pb.h
+              ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/osmpbf/fileformat.pb.h
+        DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/osmpbf)
+

osmpbf/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) OpenStreetMap developers
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

osmpbf/fileformat.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/** Copyright (c) 2010 Scott A. Crosby. <scott@sacrosby.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+
+*/
+
+syntax = "proto2";
+
+option java_package = "crosby.binary";
+package OSMPBF;
+
+//protoc --java_out=../.. fileformat.proto
+
+
+//
+//  STORAGE LAYER: Storing primitives.
+//
+
+message Blob {
+  optional int32 raw_size = 2; // When compressed, the uncompressed size
+
+  oneof data {
+    bytes raw = 1; // No compression
+
+    // Possible compressed versions of the data.
+    bytes zlib_data = 3;
+
+    // For LZMA compressed data (optional)
+    bytes lzma_data = 4;
+
+    // Formerly used for bzip2 compressed data. Deprecated in 2010.
+    bytes OBSOLETE_bzip2_data = 5 [deprecated=true]; // Don't reuse this tag number.
+
+    // For LZ4 compressed data (optional)
+    bytes lz4_data = 6;
+
+    // For ZSTD compressed data (optional)
+    bytes zstd_data = 7;
+  }
+}
+
+/* A file contains an sequence of fileblock headers, each prefixed by
+their length in network byte order, followed by a data block
+containing the actual data. Types starting with a "_" are reserved.
+*/
+
+message BlobHeader {
+  required string type = 1;
+  optional bytes indexdata = 2;
+  required int32 datasize = 3;
+}

osmpbf/osmformat.proto

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+/** Copyright (c) 2010 Scott A. Crosby. <scott@sacrosby.com>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+
+*/
+
+syntax = "proto2";
+
+option java_package = "crosby.binary";
+package OSMPBF;
+
+/* OSM Binary file format
+
+This is the master schema file of the OSM binary file format. This
+file is designed to support limited random-access and future
+extendability.
+
+A binary OSM file consists of a sequence of FileBlocks (please see
+fileformat.proto). The first fileblock contains a serialized instance
+of HeaderBlock, followed by a sequence of PrimitiveBlock blocks that
+contain the primitives.
+
+Each primitiveblock is designed to be independently parsable. It
+contains a string table storing all strings in that block (keys and
+values in tags, roles in relations, usernames, etc.) as well as
+metadata containing the precision of coordinates or timestamps in that
+block.
+
+A primitiveblock contains a sequence of primitive groups, each
+containing primitives of the same type (nodes, densenodes, ways,
+relations). Coordinates are stored in signed 64-bit integers. Lat&lon
+are measured in units <granularity> nanodegrees. The default of
+granularity of 100 nanodegrees corresponds to about 1cm on the ground,
+and a full lat or lon fits into 32 bits.
+
+Converting an integer to a latitude or longitude uses the formula:
+$OUT = IN * granularity / 10**9$. Many encoding schemes use delta
+coding when representing nodes and relations.
+
+*/
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+/* Contains the file header. */
+
+message HeaderBlock {
+  optional HeaderBBox bbox = 1;
+
+  /* Additional tags to aid in parsing this dataset */
+  repeated string required_features = 4;
+  repeated string optional_features = 5;
+
+  optional string writingprogram = 16;
+  optional string source = 17; // From the bbox field.
+
+  /* Tags that allow continuing an Osmosis replication */
+
+  // Replication timestamp, expressed in seconds since the epoch,
+  // otherwise the same value as in the "timestamp=..." field
+  // in the state.txt file used by Osmosis.
+  optional int64 osmosis_replication_timestamp = 32;
+
+  // Replication sequence number (sequenceNumber in state.txt).
+  optional int64 osmosis_replication_sequence_number = 33;
+
+  // Replication base URL (from Osmosis' configuration.txt file).
+  optional string osmosis_replication_base_url = 34;
+}
+
+
+/** The bounding box field in the OSM header. BBOX, as used in the OSM
+header. Units are always in nanodegrees -- they do not obey
+granularity rules. */
+
+message HeaderBBox {
+  required sint64 left = 1;
+  required sint64 right = 2;
+  required sint64 top = 3;
+  required sint64 bottom = 4;
+}
+
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+
+message PrimitiveBlock {
+  required StringTable stringtable = 1;
+  repeated PrimitiveGroup primitivegroup = 2;
+
+  // Granularity, units of nanodegrees, used to store coordinates in this block.
+  optional int32 granularity = 17 [default=100];
+
+  // Offset value between the output coordinates and the granularity grid in units of nanodegrees.
+  optional int64 lat_offset = 19 [default=0];
+  optional int64 lon_offset = 20 [default=0];
+
+  // Granularity of dates, normally represented in units of milliseconds since the 1970 epoch.
+  optional int32 date_granularity = 18 [default=1000];
+}
+
+// Group of OSMPrimitives. All primitives in a group must be the same type.
+message PrimitiveGroup {
+  repeated Node nodes = 1;
+  optional DenseNodes dense = 2;
+  repeated Way ways = 3;
+  repeated Relation relations = 4;
+  repeated ChangeSet changesets = 5;
+}
+
+
+/** String table, contains the common strings in each block.
+
+ Note that we reserve index '0' as a delimiter, so the entry at that
+ index in the table is ALWAYS blank and unused.
+
+ */
+message StringTable {
+  repeated bytes s = 1;
+}
+
+/* Optional metadata that may be included into each primitive. */
+message Info {
+  optional int32 version = 1 [default = -1];
+  optional int64 timestamp = 2;
+  optional int64 changeset = 3;
+  optional int32 uid = 4;
+  optional uint32 user_sid = 5; // String IDs
+
+  // The visible flag is used to store history information. It indicates that
+  // the current object version has been created by a delete operation on the
+  // OSM API.
+  // When a writer sets this flag, it MUST add a required_features tag with
+  // value "HistoricalInformation" to the HeaderBlock.
+  // If this flag is not available for some object it MUST be assumed to be
+  // true if the file has the required_features tag "HistoricalInformation"
+  // set.
+  optional bool visible = 6;
+}
+
+/** Optional metadata that may be included into each primitive. Special dense format used in DenseNodes. */
+message DenseInfo {
+  repeated int32 version = 1 [packed = true];
+  repeated sint64 timestamp = 2 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
+  repeated sint64 changeset = 3 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
+  repeated sint32 uid = 4 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
+  repeated sint32 user_sid = 5 [packed = true]; // String IDs for usernames. DELTA coded
+
+  // The visible flag is used to store history information. It indicates that
+  // the current object version has been created by a delete operation on the
+  // OSM API.
+  // When a writer sets this flag, it MUST add a required_features tag with
+  // value "HistoricalInformation" to the HeaderBlock.
+  // If this flag is not available for some object it MUST be assumed to be
+  // true if the file has the required_features tag "HistoricalInformation"
+  // set.
+  repeated bool visible = 6 [packed = true];
+}
+
+
+// This is kept for backwards compatibility but not used anywhere.
+message ChangeSet {
+  required int64 id = 1;
+}
+
+
+message Node {
+  required sint64 id = 1;
+
+  // Parallel arrays.
+  repeated uint32 keys = 2 [packed = true]; // String IDs.
+  repeated uint32 vals = 3 [packed = true]; // String IDs.
+
+  optional Info info = 4; // May be omitted in omitmeta
+
+  required sint64 lat = 8;
+  required sint64 lon = 9;
+}
+
+/* Used to densly represent a sequence of nodes that do not have any tags.
+
+We represent these nodes columnwise as five columns: ID's, lats, and
+lons, all delta coded. When metadata is not omitted,
+
+We encode keys & vals for all nodes as a single array of integers
+containing key-stringid and val-stringid, using a stringid of 0 as a
+delimiter between nodes.
+
+   ( (<keyid> <valid>)* '0' )*
+ */
+
+message DenseNodes {
+  repeated sint64 id = 1 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
+
+  optional DenseInfo denseinfo = 5;
+
+  repeated sint64 lat = 8 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
+  repeated sint64 lon = 9 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
+
+  // Special packing of keys and vals into one array. May be empty if all nodes in this block are tagless.
+  repeated int32 keys_vals = 10 [packed = true];
+}
+
+
+message Way {
+  required int64 id = 1;
+
+  // Parallel arrays.
+  repeated uint32 keys = 2 [packed = true];
+  repeated uint32 vals = 3 [packed = true];
+
+  optional Info info = 4;
+
+  repeated sint64 refs = 8 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
+
+  // The following two fields are optional. They are only used in a special
+  // format where node locations are also added to the ways. This makes the
+  // files larger, but allows creating way geometries directly.
+  //
+  // If this is used, you MUST set the optional_features tag "LocationsOnWays"
+  // and the number of values in refs, lat, and lon MUST be the same.
+  repeated sint64 lat = 9 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded, optional
+  repeated sint64 lon = 10 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded, optional
+}
+
+message Relation {
+  enum MemberType {
+    NODE = 0;
+    WAY = 1;
+    RELATION = 2;
+  }
+
+  required int64 id = 1;
+
+  // Parallel arrays.
+  repeated uint32 keys = 2 [packed = true];
+  repeated uint32 vals = 3 [packed = true];
+
+  optional Info info = 4;
+
+  // Parallel arrays
+  repeated int32 roles_sid = 8 [packed = true]; // This should have been defined as uint32 for consistency, but it is now too late to change it
+  repeated sint64 memids = 9 [packed = true]; // DELTA encoded
+  repeated MemberType types = 10 [packed = true];
+}

pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
+                      http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+  <groupId>org.openstreetmap.pbf</groupId>
+  <artifactId>osmpbf</artifactId>
+  <packaging>jar</packaging>
+  <version>1.7.0</version>
+  <name>OSM-Binary</name>
+  <description>Library for the OpenStreetMap PBF format</description>
+  <url>https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary</url>
+  <licenses>
+    <license>
+      <name>GNU General Lesser Public License (LGPL) version 3.0</name>
+      <url>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.txt</url>
+      <distribution>repo</distribution>
+    </license>
+  </licenses>
+  <scm>
+    <url>https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary</url>
+    <connection>https://github.com/openstreetmap/OSM-binary.git</connection>
+  </scm>
+  <developers>
+    <developer>
+      <id>osm-dev</id>
+      <name>OpenStreetMap developers</name>
+      <email>dev@openstreetmap.org</email>
+    </developer>
+  </developers>
+
+  <properties>
+    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
+    <protobuf.version>4.33.2</protobuf.version>
+  </properties>
+
+  <build>
+    <extensions>
+      <!-- makes build variables like os.detected.classifier available.
+           use to select the correct protoc instance for the OS.
+           see protobuf-maven-plugin below -->
+      <extension>
+        <groupId>kr.motd.maven</groupId>
+        <artifactId>os-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>1.7.1</version>
+      </extension>
+    </extensions>
+    <sourceDirectory>${basedir}/src.java</sourceDirectory>
+    <testSourceDirectory>${basedir}/test.java</testSourceDirectory>
+
+    <testResources>
+      <testResource>
+        <directory>${basedir}/resources</directory>
+      </testResource>
+    </testResources>
+
+    <plugins>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>3.8.1</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <source>1.8</source>
+          <target>1.8</target>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.xolstice.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>protobuf-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>0.6.1</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <protocArtifact>com.google.protobuf:protoc:${protobuf.version}:exe:${os.detected.classifier}</protocArtifact>
+        </configuration>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>generate-sources</id>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>compile</goal>
+              <goal>test-compile</goal>
+            </goals>
+            <phase>generate-sources</phase>
+            <configuration>
+              <protoSourceRoot>${basedir}/osmpbf</protoSourceRoot>
+              <includes>
+                <param>**/*.proto</param>
+              </includes>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>3.2.0</version>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>attach-sources</id>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
+            </goals>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>3.2.0</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <failOnError>false</failOnError>
+        </configuration>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>attach-javadocs</id>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>jar</goal>
+            </goals>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-gpg-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>1.6</version>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>sign-artifacts</id>
+            <phase>verify</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>sign</goal>
+            </goals>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.sonatype.central</groupId>
+        <artifactId>central-publishing-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>0.6.0</version>
+        <extensions>true</extensions>
+        <configuration>
+          <publishingServerId>central</publishingServerId>
+          <autoPublish>true</autoPublish>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+    </plugins>
+  </build>
+
+  <dependencies>
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>junit</groupId>
+      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+      <version>4.13.1</version>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>
+      <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>
+      <version>${protobuf.version}</version>
+    </dependency>
+  </dependencies>
+
+</project>

src.java/crosby/binary/BinaryParser.java

@@ -18,27 +18,28 @@
 package crosby.binary;
 
 
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
 import java.util.Date;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
 
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat;
 import crosby.binary.file.BlockReaderAdapter;
 import crosby.binary.file.FileBlock;
 import crosby.binary.file.FileBlockPosition;
+import crosby.binary.file.FileFormatException;
 
 public abstract class BinaryParser implements BlockReaderAdapter {
     protected int granularity;
     private long lat_offset;
     private long lon_offset;
     protected int date_granularity;
-    private String strings[];
+    private String[] strings;
 
     /** Take a Info protocol buffer containing a date and convert it into a java Date object */
     protected Date getDate(Osmformat.Info info) {
       if (info.hasTimestamp()) {
-          return new Date(date_granularity * (long) info.getTimestamp());
+          return new Date(date_granularity * info.getTimestamp());
       } else
           return NODATE;
     }
@@ -47,8 +48,8 @@ public abstract class BinaryParser implements BlockReaderAdapter {
     /** Get a string based on the index used. 
      * 
      * Index 0 is reserved to use as a delimiter, therefore, index 1 corresponds to the first string in the table 
-     * @param id
-     * @return
+     * @param id the index
+     * @return the string at the given index
      */
     protected String getStringById(int id) {
       return strings[id];
@@ -56,7 +57,6 @@ public abstract class BinaryParser implements BlockReaderAdapter {
     
     @Override
     public void handleBlock(FileBlock message) {
-        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         try {
             if (message.getType().equals("OSMHeader")) {
                 Osmformat.HeaderBlock headerblock = Osmformat.HeaderBlock
@@ -68,9 +68,7 @@ public abstract class BinaryParser implements BlockReaderAdapter {
                 parse(primblock);
             }
         } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
-            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
-            e.printStackTrace();
-            throw new Error("ParseError"); // TODO
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(new FileFormatException(e));
         }
 
     }

src.java/crosby/binary/BinarySerializer.java

@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@
 
 package crosby.binary;
 
+import java.io.Closeable;
+import java.io.Flushable;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ import crosby.binary.file.FileBlock;
  * ordered to process their data at the appropriate time.
  * */
 
-public class BinarySerializer {
+public class BinarySerializer implements Closeable, Flushable {
 
     /**
      * Interface used to write a group of primitives. One of these for each
@@ -67,11 +70,11 @@ public class BinarySerializer {
         this.batch_limit = batch_limit;
     }
 
-    // Paramaters affecting the output size.
+    // Parameters affecting the output size.
     protected final int MIN_DENSE = 10;
     protected int batch_limit = 4000;
 
-    // Parmaters affecting the output.
+    // Parameters affecting the output.
 
     protected int granularity = 100;
     protected int date_granularity = 1000;
@@ -80,8 +83,8 @@ public class BinarySerializer {
     /** How many primitives have been seen in this batch */
     protected int batch_size = 0;
     protected int total_entities = 0;
-    private StringTable stringtable = new StringTable();
-    protected List<PrimGroupWriterInterface> groups = new ArrayList<PrimGroupWriterInterface>();
+    private final StringTable stringtable = new StringTable();
+    protected List<PrimGroupWriterInterface> groups = new ArrayList<>();
     protected BlockOutputStream output;
 
     public BinarySerializer(BlockOutputStream output) {
@@ -92,11 +95,13 @@ public class BinarySerializer {
         return stringtable;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void flush() throws IOException {
         processBatch();
         output.flush();
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         flush();
         output.close();
@@ -139,9 +144,7 @@ public class BinarySerializer {
             output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", message
                     .toByteString(), null));
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
-            e.printStackTrace();
-            throw new Error(e);
+            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
         } finally {
             batch_size = 0;
             groups.clear();

src.java/crosby/binary/StringTable.java

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /** Copyright (c) 2010 Scott A. Crosby. <scott@sacrosby.com>
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as 
-   published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the 
+   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
+   published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
    License, or (at your option) any later version.
 
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import java.util.HashMap;
 import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
 
 /**
- * Class for mapping a set of strings to integers, giving frequently occuring
+ * Class for mapping a set of strings to integers, giving frequently occurring
  * strings small integers.
  */
 public class StringTable {
@@ -34,60 +34,89 @@ public class StringTable {
 
     private HashMap<String, Integer> counts;
     private HashMap<String, Integer> stringmap;
-    private String set[];
+    private String[] set;
 
+    /**
+     * Increments the count of the given string
+     * @param s the string
+     */
     public void incr(String s) {
-        if (counts.containsKey(s)) {
-            counts.put(s, new Integer(counts.get(s).intValue() + 1));
-        } else {
-            counts.put(s, new Integer(1));
-        }
+        counts.merge(s, 1, Integer::sum);
     }
 
     /** After the stringtable has been built, return the offset of a string in it.
-     * 
+     *
      * Note, value '0' is reserved for use as a delimiter and will not be returned.
-     * @param s
-     * @return
+     * @param s the string to lookup
+     * @return the offset of the string
      */
     public int getIndex(String s) {
-        return stringmap.get(s).intValue();
+        return stringmap.get(s);
     }
 
     public void finish() {
-        Comparator<String> comparator = new Comparator<String>() {
-            @Override
-            public int compare(final String s1, String s2) {
-                int diff = counts.get(s2) - counts.get(s1);
-                return diff;
-            }
-        };
+        Comparator<String> comparator = (s1, s2) -> counts.get(s2) - counts.get(s1);
+
+        /* Sort the stringtable */
+
+        /*
+        When a string is referenced, strings in the stringtable with indices:
+               0                : Is reserved (used as a delimiter in tags
+         A:  1 to 127          : Uses can be represented with 1 byte
+         B: 128 to 128**2-1 : Uses can be represented with 2 bytes,
+         C: 128*128  to X    : Uses can be represented with 3 bytes in the unlikely case we have >16k strings in a block. No block will contain enough strings that we'll need 4 bytes.
+
+        There are goals that will improve compression:
+          1. I want to use 1 bytes for the most frequently occurring strings, then 2 bytes, then 3 bytes.
+          2. I want to use low integers as frequently as possible (for better
+             entropy encoding out of deflate)
+          3. I want the stringtable to compress as small as possible.
+
+        Condition 1 is obvious. Condition 2 makes deflate compress stringtable references more effectively.
+        When compressing entities, delta coding causes small positive integers to occur more frequently
+        than larger integers. Even though a stringtable references to indices of 1 and 127 both use one
+        byte in a decompressed file, the small integer bias causes deflate to use fewer bits to represent
+        the smaller index when compressed. Condition 3 is most effective when adjacent strings in the
+        stringtable have a lot of common substrings.
+
+        So, when I decide on the master stringtable to use, I put the 127 most frequently occurring
+        strings into A (accomplishing goal 1), and sort them by frequency (to accomplish goal 2), but
+        for B and C, which contain the less progressively less frequently encountered strings, I sort
+        them lexicographically, to maximize goal 3 and ignoring goal 2.
+
+        Goal 1 is the most important. Goal 2 helped enough to be worth it, and goal 3 was pretty minor,
+        but all should be re-benchmarked.
+
+
+        */
+
+
 
         set = counts.keySet().toArray(new String[0]);
         if (set.length > 0) {
           // Sort based on the frequency.
           Arrays.sort(set, comparator);
           // Each group of keys that serializes to the same number of bytes is
-          // sorted lexiconographically.
+          // sorted lexicographically.
           // to maximize deflate compression.
-          
+
           // Don't sort the first array. There's not likely to be much benefit, and we want frequent values to be small.
           //Arrays.sort(set, Math.min(0, set.length-1), Math.min(1 << 7, set.length-1));
-          
+
           Arrays.sort(set, Math.min(1 << 7, set.length-1), Math.min(1 << 14,
               set.length-1));
           Arrays.sort(set, Math.min(1 << 14, set.length-1), Math.min(1 << 21,
               set.length-1), comparator);
         }
-        stringmap = new HashMap<String, Integer>(2 * set.length);
+        stringmap = new HashMap<>(2 * set.length);
         for (int i = 0; i < set.length; i++) {
-            stringmap.put(set[i], new Integer(i+1)); // Index 0 is reserved for use as a delimiter.
+            stringmap.put(set[i], i + 1); // Index 0 is reserved for use as a delimiter.
         }
         counts = null;
     }
 
     public void clear() {
-        counts = new HashMap<String, Integer>(100);
+        counts = new HashMap<>(100);
         stringmap = null;
         set = null;
     }
@@ -96,8 +125,9 @@ public class StringTable {
         Osmformat.StringTable.Builder builder = Osmformat.StringTable
                 .newBuilder();
         builder.addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("")); // Add a unused string at offset 0 which is used as a delimiter.
-        for (int i = 0; i < set.length; i++)
-            builder.addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(set[i]));
+        for (String s : set) {
+            builder.addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(s));
+        }
         return builder;
     }
 }

src.java/crosby/binary/file/BlockInputStream.java

@@ -17,11 +17,12 @@
 
 package crosby.binary.file;
 
+import java.io.Closeable;
 import java.io.EOFException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 
-public class BlockInputStream {
+public class BlockInputStream implements Closeable {
     // TODO: Should be seekable input stream!
     public BlockInputStream(InputStream input, BlockReaderAdapter adaptor) {
         this.input = input;
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ public class BlockInputStream {
       }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         input.close();
     }

src.java/crosby/binary/file/BlockOutputStream.java

@@ -17,17 +17,15 @@
 
 package crosby.binary.file;
 
+import java.io.Closeable;
 import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.Flushable;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
-enum CompressFlags {
-    NONE, DEFLATE
-}
-
-public class BlockOutputStream {
+public class BlockOutputStream implements Closeable, Flushable {
 
     public BlockOutputStream(OutputStream output) {
         this.outwrite = new DataOutputStream(output);
@@ -44,7 +42,7 @@ public class BlockOutputStream {
         else if (s.equals("deflate"))
             compression = CompressFlags.DEFLATE;
         else
-            throw new Error("Unknown compression type: " + s);
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown compression type: " + s);
     }
 
     /** Write a block with the stream's default compression flag */
@@ -59,16 +57,18 @@ public class BlockOutputStream {
         writtenblocks.add(ref);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void flush() throws IOException {
         outwrite.flush();
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
         outwrite.flush();
         outwrite.close();
     }
 
     OutputStream outwrite;
-    List<FileBlockPosition> writtenblocks = new ArrayList<FileBlockPosition>();
+    List<FileBlockPosition> writtenblocks = new ArrayList<>();
     CompressFlags compression;
 }

src.java/crosby/binary/file/CompressFlags.java

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package crosby.binary.file;
+
+public enum CompressFlags {
+    NONE, DEFLATE
+}

src.java/crosby/binary/file/FileBlock.java

@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@
 package crosby.binary.file;
 
 import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.EOFException;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.zip.Deflater;
 
@@ -48,13 +50,13 @@ public class FileBlock extends FileBlockBase {
       if (blob != null && blob.size() > MAX_BODY_SIZE/2) {
         System.err.println("Warning: Fileblock has body size too large and may be considered corrupt");
         if (blob != null && blob.size() > MAX_BODY_SIZE-1024*1024) {
-          throw new Error("This file has too many entities in a block. Parsers will reject it.");
+          throw new IllegalArgumentException("This file has too many entities in a block. Parsers will reject it.");
         }
       }
       if (indexdata != null && indexdata.size() > MAX_HEADER_SIZE/2) {
         System.err.println("Warning: Fileblock has indexdata too large and may be considered corrupt");
         if (indexdata != null && indexdata.size() > MAX_HEADER_SIZE-512) {
-          throw new Error("This file header is too large. Parsers will reject it.");
+          throw new IllegalArgumentException("This file header is too large. Parsers will reject it.");
         }
       }
       return new FileBlock(type, blob, indexdata);
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ public class FileBlock extends FileBlockBase {
         Deflater deflater = new Deflater();
         deflater.setInput(data.toByteArray());
         deflater.finish();
-        byte out[] = new byte[size];
+        byte[] out = new byte[size];
         deflater.deflate(out);
         
         if (!deflater.finished()) {
@@ -77,7 +79,7 @@ public class FileBlock extends FileBlockBase {
             deflater.deflate(out, deflater.getTotalOut(), out.length
                     - deflater.getTotalOut());
             if (!deflater.finished()) {
-              throw new Error("Internal error in compressor");
+                throw new UncheckedIOException(new EOFException());
             }
         }
         ByteString compressed = ByteString.copyFrom(out, 0, deflater
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ public class FileBlock extends FileBlockBase {
             if (flags == CompressFlags.DEFLATE)
                 deflateInto(blobbuilder);
             else
-                throw new Error("Compression flag not understood");
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Compression flag not understood");
         }
         Fileformat.Blob blob = blobbuilder.build();
 

src.java/crosby/binary/file/FileBlockHead.java

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public class FileBlockHead extends FileBlockReference {
           throw new FileFormatException("Unexpectedly long header "+MAX_HEADER_SIZE+ " bytes. Possibly corrupt file.");
         }
         
-        byte buf[] = new byte[headersize];
+        byte[] buf = new byte[headersize];
         datinput.readFully(buf);
         // System.out.format("Read buffer for header of %d bytes\n",buf.length);
         Fileformat.BlobHeader header = Fileformat.BlobHeader
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public class FileBlockHead extends FileBlockReference {
      */
     FileBlock readContents(InputStream input) throws IOException {
         DataInputStream datinput = new DataInputStream(input);
-        byte buf[] = new byte[getDatasize()];
+        byte[] buf = new byte[getDatasize()];
         datinput.readFully(buf);
         return parseData(buf);
     }

src.java/crosby/binary/file/FileBlockPosition.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import java.io.DataInputStream;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
 import java.util.zip.DataFormatException;
 import java.util.zip.Inflater;
 
@@ -43,21 +44,20 @@ public class FileBlockPosition extends FileBlockBase {
     }
 
     /** Parse out and decompress the data part of a fileblock helper function. */
-    FileBlock parseData(byte buf[]) throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {
+    FileBlock parseData(byte[] buf) throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {
         FileBlock out = FileBlock.newInstance(type, null, indexdata);
         Fileformat.Blob blob = Fileformat.Blob.parseFrom(buf);
         if (blob.hasRaw()) {
             out.data = blob.getRaw();
         } else if (blob.hasZlibData()) {
-            byte buf2[] = new byte[blob.getRawSize()];
+            byte[] buf2 = new byte[blob.getRawSize()];
             Inflater decompresser = new Inflater();
             decompresser.setInput(blob.getZlibData().toByteArray());
             // decompresser.getRemaining();
             try {
                 decompresser.inflate(buf2);
             } catch (DataFormatException e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-                throw new Error(e);
+                throw new UncheckedIOException(new FileFormatException(e));
             }
             assert (decompresser.finished());
             decompresser.end();
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ public class FileBlockPosition extends FileBlockBase {
     public FileBlock read(InputStream input) throws IOException {
         if (input instanceof FileInputStream) {
             ((FileInputStream) input).getChannel().position(data_offset);
-            byte buf[] = new byte[getDatasize()];
+            byte[] buf = new byte[getDatasize()];
             (new DataInputStream(input)).readFully(buf);
             return parseData(buf);
         } else {
-            throw new Error("Random access binary reads require seekability");
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Random access binary reads require seekability");
         }
     }
 
@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@ public class FileBlockPosition extends FileBlockBase {
      * stored.
      */
     public ByteString serialize() {
-        throw new Error("TODO");
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("TODO");
     }
 
     /** TODO: Parse a serialized representation of this block reference */
     static FileBlockPosition parseFrom(ByteString b) {
-      throw new Error("TODO");
+      throw new UnsupportedOperationException("TODO");
     }
 
     protected int datasize;

src.java/crosby/binary/file/FileFormatException.java

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ public class FileFormatException extends IOException {
     super(string);
   }
 
+  public FileFormatException(Throwable cause) {
+    super(cause);
+  }
+
   /**
    * 
    */

src.java/crosby/binary/test/BuildTestFile.java

@@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-/** Copyright (c) 2010 Scott A. Crosby. <scott@sacrosby.com>
-
-   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as 
-   published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the 
-   License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-   GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-*/
-
-package crosby.binary.test;
-
-import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
-import java.io.FileOutputStream;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.Collections;
-
-import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
-
-import crosby.binary.Fileformat.Blob;
-import crosby.binary.Fileformat.BlobHeader;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.DenseNodes;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.HeaderBlock;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.Info;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.Node;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.PrimitiveBlock;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.PrimitiveBlock.Builder;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.PrimitiveGroup;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.Relation;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.Relation.MemberType;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.StringTable;
-import crosby.binary.Osmformat.Way;
-import crosby.binary.file.BlockOutputStream;
-import crosby.binary.file.FileBlock;
-
-public class BuildTestFile {
-  BlockOutputStream output;
-  public static final long BILLION = 1000000000L;
-  
-  StringTable makeStringTable(String prefix) {
-    return 
-    StringTable.newBuilder()
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("")) // Never used.
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix+"Offset1"))
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix+"Offset2"))
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix+"Offset3"))
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix+"Offset4"))
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix+"Offset5"))
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix+"Offset6"))
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix+"Offset7"))
-    .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix+"Offset8"))
-    .build();
-  }
-  void makeSimpleFileBlock1() throws IOException {
-    PrimitiveBlock.Builder b1 = PrimitiveBlock.newBuilder();
-    b1.setStringtable(makeStringTable("B1"));
-
-    b1.addPrimitivegroup(
-        PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
-            .setId(101).setLat(13*10*1000*1000).setLon(-14*10*1000*1000)
-            .addKeys(1).addVals(2))
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
-            .setId(101).setLat(12345678).setLon(-23456789)) // Should be 1.2345678 degrees lat and -2.3456789 lon.
-    );
-    b1.addPrimitivegroup(
-        PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
-        .addWays(Way.newBuilder()
-            .setId(201)
-            .addRefs(101).addRefs(1).addRefs(-1).addRefs(10).addRefs(-20) // Delta coded. Should be 101, 102, 101, 111, 91.
-            .addKeys(2).addVals(1).addKeys(3).addVals(4))
-        .addWays(Way.newBuilder()
-            .setId(-301)
-            .addRefs(211).addRefs(1).addRefs(-1).addRefs(10).addRefs(-300) // Delta coded. Should be 211, 212, 211, 221, -79
-            .addKeys(4).addVals(3).addKeys(5).addVals(6))
-        .addWays(Way.newBuilder()
-            .setId(401).addRefs(211).addRefs(1))
-        .addWays(Way.newBuilder()
-            .setId(501))            
-    );
-    
-    b1.addPrimitivegroup(
-        PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
-        .addRelations(Relation.newBuilder()
-            .setId(601)
-            .addTypes(MemberType.NODE).addMemids(50).addRolesSid(2)
-            .addTypes(MemberType.NODE).addMemids(3).addRolesSid(3)
-            .addTypes(MemberType.WAY).addMemids(3).addRolesSid(4)
-            .addTypes(MemberType.RELATION).addMemids(3).addRolesSid(5))
-        .addRelations(Relation.newBuilder()
-            .setId(701)
-            .addTypes(MemberType.RELATION).addMemids(60).addRolesSid(6)
-            .addTypes(MemberType.RELATION).addMemids(5).addRolesSid(7)
-            .addKeys(1).addVals(2)));
-
-    b1.addPrimitivegroup(
-        PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
-        .setDense(DenseNodes.newBuilder()
-            .addId(1001).addId(110).addId(-2000).addId(8889)
-            .addLat(12*10000000).addLat(1500000).addLat(-12*10000000).addLat(-12*10000000)
-            .addLon(-12*10000000).addLon(2500000).addLon(13*10000000).addLon(2*10000000)
-            .addKeysVals(1).addKeysVals(2).addKeysVals(0)
-            .addKeysVals(0)
-            .addKeysVals(2).addKeysVals(3).addKeysVals(4).addKeysVals(5).addKeysVals(0)
-            .addKeysVals(3).addKeysVals(3).addKeysVals(0)
-            ));
-
-    output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", b1.build().toByteString(),null));
-
-    PrimitiveBlock.Builder b2 = PrimitiveBlock.newBuilder();
-    b2.setLatOffset(10*BILLION + 109208300)
-     .setLonOffset(20*BILLION + 901802700)
-     .setGranularity(1200);
-    b2.setStringtable(makeStringTable("B2"));
-    
-    // Test out granularity stuff.
-    b2.addPrimitivegroup(
-        PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100000).setLat(0).setLon(0))
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100001).setLat(1000).setLon(2000))
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100002).setLat(1001).setLon(2001))
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100003).setLat(1002).setLon(2002))
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100004).setLat(1003).setLon(2003))
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100005).setLat(1004).setLon(2004)));
-    
-    
-    output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", b2.build().toByteString(),null));
-  }
-
-  
-  BuildTestFile(String name, String compress) throws IOException {
-    output = new BlockOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(name));
-    output.setCompress(compress);
-    HeaderBlock.Builder b = HeaderBlock.newBuilder();
-    b.addRequiredFeatures("OsmSchema-V0.6").addRequiredFeatures("DenseNodes").setSource("QuickBrownFox");
-    output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMHeader",b.build().toByteString(),null));
-  }
-  
-  
-  public static void main(String [] args) {
-    try {
-      BuildTestFile out1a = new BuildTestFile("TestFile1-deflate.osm.pbf","deflate");
-      out1a.makeSimpleFileBlock1();
-      out1a.output.close();
-
-      BuildTestFile out1b = new BuildTestFile("TestFile1-none.osm.pbf","none");
-      out1b.makeSimpleFileBlock1();
-      out1b.output.close();
-
-      BuildTestFile out2 = new BuildTestFile("TestFile2-uncom.osm.pbf","deflate");
-      out2.makeGranFileBlock1();
-      out2.output.close();
-
-    
-    } catch (IOException e) {
-      // TODO Auto-generated catch block
-      e.printStackTrace();
-    }
-  }
-  
-  
-  void makeGranFileBlock1() throws IOException {
-    PrimitiveBlock.Builder b1 = PrimitiveBlock.newBuilder();
-    b1.setLatOffset(10*BILLION + 109208300)
-     .setLonOffset(20*BILLION + 901802700)
-     .setGranularity(1200)
-     .setDateGranularity(2500);
-    b1.setStringtable(makeStringTable("C1"));
-
-    b1.addPrimitivegroup(
-        PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
-            .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
-            .setId(100001)
-            .setLat(1000).setLon(2000)
-            .setInfo(Info.newBuilder()
-                .setTimestamp(1001)
-                .setChangeset(-12)
-                .setUid(21)
-                .setUserSid(6)
-                .build())
-             .build())
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
-            .setId(100002)
-            .setLat(1001).setLon(2001)
-            .setInfo(Info.newBuilder()
-                .setVersion(102)
-                .setTimestamp(1002)
-                .setChangeset(12)
-                .setUid(-21)
-                .setUserSid(5)
-                .build())
-            .build())
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
-            .setId(100003)
-            .setLat(1003).setLon(2003)
-            .setInfo(Info.newBuilder()
-                .setVersion(103)
-                .setUserSid(4)
-                .build())
-           .build())
-    )
-
-    ;
-    
-    // The same, but with different granularities.
-    PrimitiveBlock.Builder b2 = PrimitiveBlock.newBuilder();
-    b2.setLatOffset(12*BILLION + 303)
-     .setLonOffset(22*BILLION + 404)
-     .setGranularity(1401)
-     .setDateGranularity(3003);
-    b2.setStringtable(makeStringTable("C2"));
-    b2.addPrimitivegroup(
-        PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
-            .setId(100001)
-            .addKeys(1).addVals(2)
-            .addKeys(1).addVals(3) // Support multiple vals for a key.
-            .addKeys(3).addVals(4)
-            .setLat(1000).setLon(2000)
-            .build())
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
-            .setId(100002)
-            .setLat(1001).setLon(2001)
-            .build())
-        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
-            .setId(100003)
-            .setLat(1003).setLon(2003)
-            .addKeys(5).addVals(6)
-            .build())
-    );
-    output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", b1.build().toByteString(),null));
-    output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", b2.build().toByteString(),null));
-  }
-  
-}

src/fileformat.proto

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/** Copyright (c) 2010 Scott A. Crosby. <scott@sacrosby.com>
-
-   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as 
-   published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the 
-   License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-   GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-*/
-
-option java_package = "crosby.binary";
-package OSMPBF;
-
-//protoc --java_out=../.. fileformat.proto
-
-
-//
-//  STORAGE LAYER: Storing primitives.
-//
-
-message Blob {
-  optional bytes raw = 1; // No compression
-  optional int32 raw_size = 2; // When compressed, the uncompressed size
-
-  // Possible compressed versions of the data.
-  optional bytes zlib_data = 3;
-
-  // PROPOSED feature for LZMA compressed data. SUPPORT IS NOT REQUIRED.
-  optional bytes lzma_data = 4;
-
-  // Formerly used for bzip2 compressed data. Depreciated in 2010.
-  optional bytes OBSOLETE_bzip2_data = 5 [deprecated=true]; // Don't reuse this tag number.
-}
-
-/* A file contains an sequence of fileblock headers, each prefixed by
-their length in network byte order, followed by a data block
-containing the actual data. types staring with a "_" are reserved.
-*/
-
-message BlobHeader {
-  required string type = 1;
-  optional bytes indexdata = 2;
-  required int32 datasize = 3;
-}
-
-

src/osmformat.proto

@@ -1,226 +0,0 @@
-/** Copyright (c) 2010 Scott A. Crosby. <scott@sacrosby.com>
-
-   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as 
-   published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the 
-   License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-   GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-*/
-
-option java_package = "crosby.binary";
-package OSMPBF;
-
-/* OSM Binary file format 
-
-This is the master schema file of the OSM binary file format. This
-file is designed to support limited random-access and future
-extendability.
-
-A binary OSM file consists of a sequence of FileBlocks (please see
-fileformat.proto). The first fileblock contains a serialized instance
-of HeaderBlock, followed by a sequence of PrimitiveBlock blocks that
-contain the primitives.
-
-Each primitiveblock is designed to be independently parsable. It
-contains a string table storing all strings in that block (keys and
-values in tags, roles in relations, usernames, etc.) as well as
-metadata containing the precision of coordinates or timestamps in that
-block.
-
-A primitiveblock contains a sequence of primitive groups, each
-containing primitives of the same type (nodes, densenodes, ways,
-relations). Coordinates are stored in signed 64-bit integers. Lat&lon
-are measured in units <granularity> nanodegrees. The default of
-granularity of 100 nanodegrees corresponds to about 1cm on the ground,
-and a full lat or lon fits into 32 bits.
-
-Converting an integer to a lattitude or longitude uses the formula:
-$OUT = IN * granularity / 10**9$. Many encoding schemes use delta
-coding when representing nodes and relations.
-
-*/
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-/* Contains the file header. */
-
-message HeaderBlock {
-  optional HeaderBBox bbox = 1;
-  /* Additional tags to aid in parsing this dataset */
-  repeated string required_features = 4;
-  repeated string optional_features = 5;
-
-  optional string writingprogram = 16; 
-  optional string source = 17; // From the bbox field.
-}
-
-
-/** The bounding box field in the OSM header. BBOX, as used in the OSM
-header. Units are always in nanodegrees -- they do not obey
-granularity rules. */
-
-message HeaderBBox {
-   required sint64 left = 1;
-   required sint64 right = 2;
-   required sint64 top = 3;
-   required sint64 bottom = 4;
-}
-
-
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-
-message PrimitiveBlock {
-  required StringTable stringtable = 1;
-  repeated PrimitiveGroup primitivegroup = 2;
-
-  // Granularity, units of nanodegrees, used to store coordinates in this block
-  optional int32 granularity = 17 [default=100]; 
-  // Offset value between the output coordinates coordinates and the granularity grid in unites of nanodegrees.
-  optional int64 lat_offset = 19 [default=0];
-  optional int64 lon_offset = 20 [default=0]; 
-
-// Granularity of dates, normally represented in units of milliseconds since the 1970 epoch.
-  optional int32 date_granularity = 18 [default=1000]; 
-
-
-  // Proposed extension:
-  //optional BBox bbox = XX;
-}
-
-// Group of OSMPrimitives. All primitives in a group must be the same type.
-message PrimitiveGroup {
-  repeated Node     nodes = 1;
-  optional DenseNodes dense = 2;
-  repeated Way      ways = 3;
-  repeated Relation relations = 4;
-  repeated ChangeSet changesets = 5;
-}
-
-
-/** String table, contains the common strings in each block.
-
- Note that we reserve index '0' as a delimiter, so the entry at that
- index in the table is ALWAYS blank and unused.
-
- */
-message StringTable {
-   repeated bytes s = 1;
-}
-
-/* Optional metadata that may be included into each primitive. */
-message Info {
-   optional int32 version = 1 [default = -1];
-   optional int64 timestamp = 2;
-   optional int64 changeset = 3;
-   optional int32 uid = 4;
-   optional uint32 user_sid = 5; // String IDs
-}
-
-/** Optional metadata that may be included into each primitive. Special dense format used in DenseNodes. */
-message DenseInfo {
-   repeated int32 version = 1 [packed = true]; 
-   repeated sint64 timestamp = 2 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
-   repeated sint64 changeset = 3 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
-   repeated sint32 uid = 4 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
-   repeated sint32 user_sid = 5 [packed = true]; // String IDs for usernames. DELTA coded
-}
-
-
-// THIS IS STUB DESIGN FOR CHANGESETS. NOT USED RIGHT NOW.
-// TODO:    REMOVE THIS?
-message ChangeSet {
-   required int64 id = 1;
-//   
-//   // Parallel arrays.
-//   repeated uint32 keys = 2 [packed = true]; // String IDs.
-//   repeated uint32 vals = 3 [packed = true]; // String IDs.
-//
-//   optional Info info = 4;
-
-//   optional int64 created_at = 8;
-//   optional int64 closetime_delta = 9;
-//   optional bool open = 10;
-//   optional HeaderBBox bbox = 11;
-}
-
-
-message Node {
-   required sint64 id = 1;
-   // Parallel arrays.
-   repeated uint32 keys = 2 [packed = true]; // String IDs.
-   repeated uint32 vals = 3 [packed = true]; // String IDs.
-
-   optional Info info = 4; // May be omitted in omitmeta
-
-   required sint64 lat = 8;
-   required sint64 lon = 9;
-}
-
-/* Used to densly represent a sequence of nodes that do not have any tags.
-
-We represent these nodes columnwise as five columns: ID's, lats, and
-lons, all delta coded. When metadata is not omitted, 
-
-We encode keys & vals for all nodes as a single array of integers
-containing key-stringid and val-stringid, using a stringid of 0 as a
-delimiter between nodes.
-
-   ( (<keyid> <valid>)* '0' )*
- */
-
-message DenseNodes {
-   repeated sint64 id = 1 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
-
-   //repeated Info info = 4;
-   optional DenseInfo denseinfo = 5;
-
-   repeated sint64 lat = 8 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
-   repeated sint64 lon = 9 [packed = true]; // DELTA coded
-
-   // Special packing of keys and vals into one array. May be empty if all nodes in this block are tagless.
-   repeated int32 keys_vals = 10 [packed = true]; 
-}
-
-
-message Way {
-   required int64 id = 1;
-   // Parallel arrays.
-   repeated uint32 keys = 2 [packed = true];
-   repeated uint32 vals = 3 [packed = true];
-
-   optional Info info = 4;
-
-   repeated sint64 refs = 8 [packed = true];  // DELTA coded
-}
-
-message Relation {
-  enum MemberType {
-    NODE = 0;
-    WAY = 1;
-    RELATION = 2;
-  } 
-   required int64 id = 1;
-
-   // Parallel arrays.
-   repeated uint32 keys = 2 [packed = true];
-   repeated uint32 vals = 3 [packed = true];
-
-   optional Info info = 4;
-
-   // Parallel arrays
-   repeated int32 roles_sid = 8 [packed = true];
-   repeated sint64 memids = 9 [packed = true]; // DELTA encoded
-   repeated MemberType types = 10 [packed = true];
-}
-

test.java/crosby/binary/ReadFileTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,531 @@
+package crosby.binary;
+
+import crosby.binary.Osmformat.*;
+import crosby.binary.file.BlockInputStream;
+import crosby.binary.file.BlockReaderAdapter;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Demonstrates how to read a file. Reads sample.pbf from the resources folder
+ * and prints details about it to the standard output.
+ *
+ * @author Michael Tandy
+ */
+public class ReadFileTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void test() throws Exception {
+        String expected = ("" +
+                "Got header block.\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 653970877 @ 51.763603,-0.228757\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105170 @ 51.763591,-0.234465\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 672663476 @ 51.765749,-0.229070\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 241806356 @ 51.768945,-0.232662\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 692945017 @ 51.766185,-0.230069\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 1709246734 @ 51.766433,-0.230854\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 175685506 @ 51.765169,-0.229374\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105129 @ 51.769327,-0.218457\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105160 @ 51.768192,-0.231686\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 672663473 @ 51.765530,-0.229187\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105141 @ 51.773204,-0.222598\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 25365926 @ 51.766340,-0.233556\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 1685167296 @ 51.766924,-0.234783\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 677439943 @ 51.763178,-0.230230\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 1701110757 @ 51.766400,-0.228489\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 663806673 @ 51.765470,-0.229220\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 502550970 @ 51.765118,-0.233667\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 692887095 @ 51.766318,-0.229190\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 1685167376 @ 51.760411,-0.241161\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 175697821 @ 51.765000,-0.232204\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 677438877 @ 51.764126,-0.228303\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 175685111 @ 51.764882,-0.229966\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105131 @ 51.769022,-0.217223\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 240134267 @ 51.764217,-0.233120\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 691203111 @ 51.765755,-0.230230\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 1685167394 @ 51.761213,-0.240218\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 534873274 @ 51.763918,-0.236563\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 676945192 @ 51.765148,-0.230615\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 691203106 @ 51.764494,-0.233449\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105155 @ 51.769580,-0.232061\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 32950368 @ 51.769048,-0.232790\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105133 @ 51.769183,-0.216784\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 175683944 @ 51.763140,-0.232112\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 623540467 @ 51.765719,-0.225990\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647225601 @ 51.762732,-0.231722\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 32953195 @ 51.761987,-0.231091\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 653970876 @ 51.763436,-0.229153\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 676945352 @ 51.765646,-0.228469\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 663806670 @ 51.765540,-0.228771\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 1709246676 @ 51.766438,-0.231121\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105047 @ 51.774057,-0.222895\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 175697862 @ 51.765004,-0.232747\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105145 @ 51.771007,-0.230355\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105167 @ 51.762860,-0.236278\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 1111758067 @ 51.771433,-0.216984\n" +
+                "Dense node, ID 647105166 @ 51.767468,-0.234229\n" +
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+                "  Key=value pairs: carriageway_ref=A highway=motorway lanes=3 layer=-1 lit=yes maxspeed=national name=Hatfield Tunnel oneway=yes ref=A1(M) source:maxspeed=local_knowledge tunnel=yes \n" +
+                "Way ID 54932035\n" +
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+                "Way ID 52083876\n" +
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+                "Way ID 54932037\n" +
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+                "  Nodes: 175698155 175698323 175698430 1709246676 175698324 691203051 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=The Minims source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 8361329\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 25365926 25365927 25365928 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=The Paddock source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 16945926\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 175686498 175686201 663806661 175686499 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Wellfield Close \n" +
+                "Way ID 52083878\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 663806664 663806666 663806668 663806670 663806672 663806673 663806664 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: leisure=common source=yahoo \n" +
+                "Way ID 3084923\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 675146 1145410964 1539682123 32950368 241806356 675148 675149 820969139 175698155 675150 390911769 647224486 675151 175685910 14713407 175684463 647057820 647224485 1739780291 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: abutters=residential highway=secondary name=Wellfield Road ref=B197 \n" +
+                "Way ID 8361331\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 25365925 691203049 25365930 25365931 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Walsingham Close source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 54932038\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 175699187 691202861 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Middlefield source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 16946620\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 175698975 691203109 175699187 691203110 691203111 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Middlefield source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 157868709\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 1701110757 1701110775 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: bridge=yes cycleway=track highway=cycleway layer=1 name=Alban Way ncn_ref=61 railway=abandoned \n" +
+                "Way ID 52083877\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 663806656 663806661 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=service \n" +
+                "Way ID 53588764\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 676945267 677438877 677439947 676945292 676945293 676945332 647224613 175686498 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=footway \n" +
+                "Way ID 49161822\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 30983851 623624257 623624154 623624259 623624261 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Worcester Road \n" +
+                "Way ID 49161823\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 623624259 691203098 691203099 623624267 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Ely Close \n" +
+                "Way ID 53588782\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 676945327 676945329 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: bicycle=no highway=footway source=survey \n" +
+                "Way ID 54932044\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 691202869 691202855 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Jasmine Gardens source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 49161817\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 623624154 623624155 623624156 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Malvern Close \n" +
+                "Way ID 53588780\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 676945350 676945352 676945334 676945335 676945346 676945347 676945350 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: building=yes name=Friendship House source=survey \n" +
+                "Way ID 53588749\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 676945199 676945316 676945317 676945195 676945319 676945197 676945199 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: landuse=garages source=survey \n" +
+                "Way ID 4673618\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 675148 25365921 1539682089 25365922 1539682039 691202838 25365923 25365924 25365925 25365926 175698975 30983851 175697671 30983852 691203106 30983853 240134267 267826070 365548881 32953193 175683944 927070648 647225601 677440300 32953194 673784380 32953195 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=tertiary name=Lemsford Road \n" +
+                "Way ID 53638158\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 677439941 677439943 677439944 677439946 676945241 175683342 653970876 653970877 1697422651 651594517 676945267 677438877 677439947 647224485 1739780291 1739780285 1739780280 672628083 651652534 651652536 1739780294 623540483 623540479 623540472 623540467 647224465 647057820 175684463 14713407 175685910 675151 692887101 647224486 647105115 647105117 647105119 647105121 647105123 647105125 647105127 647105128 647105129 647105130 647105131 647105132 1111758071 647105133 1111758069 647105134 1111758072 647105135 1111758067 647105136 647105137 647105138 647105139 647105140 647105141 647105047 1692947499 647105142 647105143 647105144 647105145 647105146 647105147 647105148 647105149 647105150 647105151 647105152 647105153 647105154 647105155 647105156 647105157 647105158 647105159 647105160 647105161 647105162 647105163 647105164 647105165 647105166 534874147 534873285 534873274 534873262 534873251 534873208 534873185 534873171 647105167 647105168 647105169 647105170 647105171 647105172 647105102 647225601 677439941 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: landuse=residential \n" +
+                "Way ID 53588748\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 676945322 676945325 676945327 676945320 676945192 676945315 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: bicycle=no highway=footway source=survey \n" +
+                "Way ID 50772651\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 175685111 676945322 175685506 647224613 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Town Fields \n" +
+                "Way ID 158788824\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 175685507 1709246749 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=footway \n" +
+                "Way ID 54932042\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 691202866 691202871 691202873 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Jasmine Gardens source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 53152061\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 672663467 672663468 672663469 672663470 672663471 672663473 672663474 672663476 672663477 672663478 672663467 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: amenity=retirement _home building=yes name=Greenacres source:area=yahoo source:name=survey \n" +
+                "Way ID 53638215\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 175685506 676945329 175685507 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=service source=survey \n" +
+                "Way ID 157868710\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 1701110775 287659881 692887118 1709246791 1709246749 240134269 240134268 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: cycleway=track highway=cycleway name=Alban Way ncn_ref=61 railway=abandoned \n" +
+                "Way ID 54932036\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 25365927 691202858 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=The Paddock source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 54932039\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 175697821 691202863 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: highway=residential name=Oak Tree Close source=OS_OpenData_StreetView \n" +
+                "Way ID 55081204\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 692945016 692945017 692945018 692945019 692945020 692945021 692945022 692945016 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: leisure=common \n" +
+                "Way ID 55071941\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 692887118 692887101 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: foot=yes highway=footway \n" +
+                "Way ID 157868707\n" +
+                "  Nodes: 240134268 240134269 1709246749 1709246791 692887118 287659881 \n" +
+                "  Key=value pairs: cycleway=track highway=cycleway name=Alban Way ncn_ref=61 \n" +
+                "Got some relations to parse.\n" +
+                "Complete!\n").replace("\n", System.lineSeparator());
+        try (InputStream input = ReadFileTest.class.getResourceAsStream("/sample.pbf");
+             StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
+             PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter)) {
+            BlockReaderAdapter brad = new TestBinaryParser(printWriter);
+            new BlockInputStream(input, brad).process();
+            Assert.assertEquals(expected, stringWriter.toString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class TestBinaryParser extends BinaryParser {
+
+        private final PrintWriter writer;
+
+        private TestBinaryParser(PrintWriter writer) {
+            this.writer = writer;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void parseRelations(List<Relation> rels) {
+            if (!rels.isEmpty())
+                writer.println("Got some relations to parse.");
+            Relation r = null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void parseDense(DenseNodes nodes) {
+            long lastId = 0;
+            long lastLat = 0;
+            long lastLon = 0;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getIdCount(); i++) {
+                lastId += nodes.getId(i);
+                lastLat += nodes.getLat(i);
+                lastLon += nodes.getLon(i);
+                writer.printf("Dense node, ID %d @ %.6f,%.6f%n",
+                        lastId, parseLat(lastLat), parseLon(lastLon));
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void parseNodes(List<Node> nodes) {
+            for (Node n : nodes) {
+                writer.printf("Regular node, ID %d @ %.6f,%.6f%n",
+                        n.getId(), parseLat(n.getLat()), parseLon(n.getLon()));
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void parseWays(List<Way> ways) {
+            for (Way w : ways) {
+                writer.println("Way ID " + w.getId());
+                writer.print("  Nodes: ");
+                long lastRef = 0;
+                for (Long ref : w.getRefsList()) {
+                    lastRef += ref;
+                    writer.print(lastRef);
+                    writer.print(" ");
+                }
+                writer.println();
+                writer.print("  Key=value pairs: ");
+                for (int i = 0; i < w.getKeysCount(); i++) {
+                    writer.print(getStringById(w.getKeys(i)));
+                    writer.print("=");
+                    writer.print(getStringById(w.getVals(i)));
+                    writer.print(" ");
+                }
+                writer.println();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void parse(HeaderBlock header) {
+            writer.println("Got header block.");
+        }
+
+        public void complete() {
+            writer.println("Complete!");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

test.java/crosby/binary/WriteFileTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2010 Scott A. Crosby. <scott@sacrosby.com>
+ * <p>
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+ * License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ * <p>
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ * <p>
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+package crosby.binary;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+import crosby.binary.Osmformat.*;
+import crosby.binary.Osmformat.StringTable;
+import crosby.binary.Osmformat.Relation.MemberType;
+import crosby.binary.file.BlockOutputStream;
+import crosby.binary.file.FileBlock;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+
+public class WriteFileTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSimpleFileBlock1() throws Exception {
+        test("deflate", "/SimpleFileBlock1-deflate.osm.pbf");
+        test("none", "/SimpleFileBlock1-none.osm.pbf");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGranFileBlock1() throws Exception {
+        test("deflate", "/GranFileBlock1-deflate.osm.pbf");
+        test("none", "/GranFileBlock1-none.osm.pbf");
+    }
+
+    private void test(String compress, String resource) throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
+        try (ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
+            BuildTestFile builder = new BuildTestFile(new BlockOutputStream(bytes), compress);
+            if (resource.startsWith("/SimpleFileBlock1")) {
+                builder.makeSimpleFileBlock1();
+            } else if (resource.startsWith("/GranFileBlock1")) {
+                builder.makeGranFileBlock1();
+            } else {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+            }
+            byte[] expected = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(WriteFileTest.class.getResource(resource).toURI()));
+            Assert.assertArrayEquals(expected, bytes.toByteArray());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class BuildTestFile {
+    private final BlockOutputStream output;
+    public static final long BILLION = 1000000000L;
+
+    StringTable makeStringTable(String prefix) {
+        return
+                StringTable.newBuilder()
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("")) // Never used.
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix + "Offset1"))
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix + "Offset2"))
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix + "Offset3"))
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix + "Offset4"))
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix + "Offset5"))
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix + "Offset6"))
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix + "Offset7"))
+                        .addS(ByteString.copyFromUtf8(prefix + "Offset8"))
+                        .build();
+    }
+
+    void makeSimpleFileBlock1() throws IOException {
+        PrimitiveBlock.Builder b1 = PrimitiveBlock.newBuilder();
+        b1.setStringtable(makeStringTable("B1"));
+
+        b1.addPrimitivegroup(
+                PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(101).setLat(13 * 10 * 1000 * 1000).setLon(-14 * 10 * 1000 * 1000)
+                                .addKeys(1).addVals(2))
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(101).setLat(12345678).setLon(-23456789)) // Should be 1.2345678 degrees lat and -2.3456789 lon.
+        );
+        b1.addPrimitivegroup(
+                PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
+                        .addWays(Way.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(201)
+                                .addRefs(101).addRefs(1).addRefs(-1).addRefs(10).addRefs(-20) // Delta coded. Should be 101, 102, 101, 111, 91.
+                                .addKeys(2).addVals(1).addKeys(3).addVals(4))
+                        .addWays(Way.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(-301)
+                                .addRefs(211).addRefs(1).addRefs(-1).addRefs(10).addRefs(-300) // Delta coded. Should be 211, 212, 211, 221, -79
+                                .addKeys(4).addVals(3).addKeys(5).addVals(6))
+                        .addWays(Way.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(401).addRefs(211).addRefs(1))
+                        .addWays(Way.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(501))
+        );
+
+        b1.addPrimitivegroup(
+                PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
+                        .addRelations(Relation.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(601)
+                                .addTypes(MemberType.NODE).addMemids(50).addRolesSid(2)
+                                .addTypes(MemberType.NODE).addMemids(3).addRolesSid(3)
+                                .addTypes(MemberType.WAY).addMemids(3).addRolesSid(4)
+                                .addTypes(MemberType.RELATION).addMemids(3).addRolesSid(5))
+                        .addRelations(Relation.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(701)
+                                .addTypes(MemberType.RELATION).addMemids(60).addRolesSid(6)
+                                .addTypes(MemberType.RELATION).addMemids(5).addRolesSid(7)
+                                .addKeys(1).addVals(2)));
+
+        b1.addPrimitivegroup(
+                PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
+                        .setDense(DenseNodes.newBuilder()
+                                .addId(1001).addId(110).addId(-2000).addId(8889)
+                                .addLat(12 * 10000000).addLat(1500000).addLat(-12 * 10000000).addLat(-12 * 10000000)
+                                .addLon(-12 * 10000000).addLon(2500000).addLon(13 * 10000000).addLon(2 * 10000000)
+                                .addKeysVals(1).addKeysVals(2).addKeysVals(0)
+                                .addKeysVals(0)
+                                .addKeysVals(2).addKeysVals(3).addKeysVals(4).addKeysVals(5).addKeysVals(0)
+                                .addKeysVals(3).addKeysVals(3).addKeysVals(0)
+                        ));
+
+        output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", b1.build().toByteString(), null));
+
+        PrimitiveBlock.Builder b2 = PrimitiveBlock.newBuilder();
+        b2.setLatOffset(10 * BILLION + 109208300)
+                .setLonOffset(20 * BILLION + 901802700)
+                .setGranularity(1200);
+        b2.setStringtable(makeStringTable("B2"));
+
+        // Test out granularity stuff.
+        b2.addPrimitivegroup(
+                PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100000).setLat(0).setLon(0))
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100001).setLat(1000).setLon(2000))
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100002).setLat(1001).setLon(2001))
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100003).setLat(1002).setLon(2002))
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100004).setLat(1003).setLon(2003))
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder().setId(100005).setLat(1004).setLon(2004)));
+
+
+        output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", b2.build().toByteString(), null));
+    }
+
+
+    BuildTestFile(BlockOutputStream output, String compress) throws IOException {
+        this.output = output;
+        this.output.setCompress(compress);
+        HeaderBlock.Builder b = HeaderBlock.newBuilder();
+        b.addRequiredFeatures("OsmSchema-V0.6").addRequiredFeatures("DenseNodes").setSource("QuickBrownFox");
+        this.output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMHeader", b.build().toByteString(), null));
+    }
+
+    void makeGranFileBlock1() throws IOException {
+        PrimitiveBlock.Builder b1 = PrimitiveBlock.newBuilder();
+        b1.setLatOffset(10 * BILLION + 109208300)
+                .setLonOffset(20 * BILLION + 901802700)
+                .setGranularity(1200)
+                .setDateGranularity(2500);
+        b1.setStringtable(makeStringTable("C1"));
+
+        b1.addPrimitivegroup(
+                PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(100001)
+                                .setLat(1000).setLon(2000)
+                                .setInfo(Info.newBuilder()
+                                        .setTimestamp(1001)
+                                        .setChangeset(-12)
+                                        .setUid(21)
+                                        .setUserSid(6)
+                                        .build())
+                                .build())
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(100002)
+                                .setLat(1001).setLon(2001)
+                                .setInfo(Info.newBuilder()
+                                        .setVersion(102)
+                                        .setTimestamp(1002)
+                                        .setChangeset(12)
+                                        .setUid(-21)
+                                        .setUserSid(5)
+                                        .build())
+                                .build())
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(100003)
+                                .setLat(1003).setLon(2003)
+                                .setInfo(Info.newBuilder()
+                                        .setVersion(103)
+                                        .setUserSid(4)
+                                        .build())
+                                .build())
+        );
+
+        // The same, but with different granularities.
+        PrimitiveBlock.Builder b2 = PrimitiveBlock.newBuilder();
+        b2.setLatOffset(12 * BILLION + 303)
+                .setLonOffset(22 * BILLION + 404)
+                .setGranularity(1401)
+                .setDateGranularity(3003);
+        b2.setStringtable(makeStringTable("C2"));
+        b2.addPrimitivegroup(
+                PrimitiveGroup.newBuilder()
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(100001)
+                                .addKeys(1).addVals(2)
+                                .addKeys(1).addVals(3) // Support multiple vals for a key.
+                                .addKeys(3).addVals(4)
+                                .setLat(1000).setLon(2000)
+                                .build())
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(100002)
+                                .setLat(1001).setLon(2001)
+                                .build())
+                        .addNodes(Node.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(100003)
+                                .setLat(1003).setLon(2003)
+                                .addKeys(5).addVals(6)
+                                .build())
+        );
+        output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", b1.build().toByteString(), null));
+        output.write(FileBlock.newInstance("OSMData", b2.build().toByteString(), null));
+    }
+
+}