mindspore2022/mindspore/parallel/nn/transformer.py

# Copyright 2021 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ============================================================================
"""
Note:
    Transformer Networks. This is an experimental interface that is subject to change and/or deletion.
"""
import math
import numpy as np
from mindspore.common.tensor import Tensor
from mindspore.common.parameter import Parameter
from mindspore.common.initializer import initializer
from mindspore import nn
from mindspore import context
import mindspore.common.dtype as mstype
from mindspore.ops import operations as P
from mindspore.ops import functional as F
from mindspore.nn.cell import Cell
from mindspore._checkparam import Validator
from mindspore import log as logger
from mindspore.parallel._utils import _get_parallel_mode
from mindspore.context import ParallelMode
from .layers import _LayerNorm, _Linear, _check_input_shape, \
    _args_type_validator_check, _valid_type_checks, _valid_value_checks, \
    _check_shape_equal, _check_past_none_input_none, _check_input_dtype, _check_input_shape_value
from .op_parallel_config import default_dpmp_config, _PipeLineConfig, OpParallelConfig, _Config, _check_config
from .moe import default_moe_config, MoE

__all__ = [
    "AttentionMask",
    "VocabEmbedding",
    "MultiHeadAttention",
    "FeedForward",
    "TransformerEncoder",
    "TransformerDecoder",
    "TransformerEncoderLayer",
    "TransformerDecoderLayer",
    "Transformer",
    "TransformerOpParallelConfig",
    "EmbeddingOpParallelConfig",
    "TransformerRecomputeConfig"]


class EmbeddingOpParallelConfig(_Config):
    r"""
        EmbeddingOpParallelConfig for the setting data parallel or row slice for the embedding table.

        Args:
            data_parallel (int): The data parallel way. Default: 1
            model_parallel (int): The model parallel way. Default: 1
            vocab_emb_dp (bool): Shard embedding in model parallel or data parallel. Default: True

        Supported Platforms:
            ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

        Examples:
            >>> config=EmbeddingOpParallelConfig(data_parallel=1, model_parallel=1, vocab_emb_dp=True)
    """

    def __init__(self, data_parallel=1, model_parallel=1, vocab_emb_dp=True):
        self._dp_mp_config = OpParallelConfig(data_parallel=data_parallel, model_parallel=model_parallel)
        Validator.check_bool(vocab_emb_dp, "vocab_emb_dp")
        self.vocab_emb_dp = vocab_emb_dp

    @property
    def data_parallel(self):
        return self._dp_mp_config.data_parallel

    @data_parallel.setter
    def data_parallel(self, value):
        self._dp_mp_config.data_parallel = value

    @property
    def model_parallel(self):
        return self._dp_mp_config.model_parallel

    @model_parallel.setter
    def model_parallel(self, value):
        self._dp_mp_config.model_parallel = value

    @property
    def vocab_emb_dp(self):
        return self._vocab_emb_dp

    @vocab_emb_dp.setter
    def vocab_emb_dp(self, value):
        Validator.check_bool(value, "vocab_emb_dp")
        self._vocab_emb_dp = value

    @property
    def dp_mp_config(self):
        r"""
            To obtain the DPMPlConfig for the setting data parallel, model parallel

            Supported Platforms:
                ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

            Examples:
                >>> config=EmbeddingOpParallelConfig(data_parallel=1, model_parallel=1, vocab_emb_dp=True)
                >>> parallel_config = config.dp_mp_config
        """
        return self._dp_mp_config


class TransformerRecomputeConfig(_Config):
    r"""
        TransformerRecomputeConfig for the setting recompute attributes for encoder/decoder layers.

        Args:
            recompute (bool): Enable recomputation of the transformer block or not. Default: False.
                parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute (bool): The model parallel way. Default: 1
            parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute (bool): Specifies whether the communication operator allgathers
                introduced by optimizer shard are recomputed in auto parallel or semi auto parallel mode.
                Default: False.
            mp_comm_recompute (bool): Specifies whether the model parallel communication operators
                in the cell are recomputed in auto parallel or semi auto parallel mode. Default: True.
            recompute_slice_activation (bool): Slice the cell output which would remains in memory. Default: False.
        Supported Platforms:
            ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

        Examples:
            >>> config=TransformerRecomputeConfig(recompute=True, parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute=True,
            >>> mp_comm_recompute=True, recompute_slice_activation=True)
    """

    def __init__(self, recompute=False, parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute=False,
                 mp_comm_recompute=True, recompute_slice_activation=False):
        Validator.check_bool(recompute, "recompute")
        Validator.check_bool(parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute, "parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute")
        Validator.check_bool(mp_comm_recompute, "mp_comm_recompute")
        Validator.check_bool(recompute_slice_activation, "recompute_slice_activation")
        self._recompute = recompute
        self._parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute = parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute
        self._mp_comm_recompute = mp_comm_recompute
        self._recompute_slice_activation = recompute_slice_activation

    @property
    def recompute(self):
        return self._recompute

    @recompute.setter
    def recompute(self, value):
        Validator.check_bool(value, "recompute")
        self._recompute = value

    @property
    def parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute(self):
        return self._parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute

    @parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute.setter
    def parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute(self, value):
        Validator.check_bool(value, "parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute")
        self._parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute = value

    @property
    def mp_comm_recompute(self):
        return self._mp_comm_recompute

    @mp_comm_recompute.setter
    def mp_comm_recompute(self, value):
        Validator.check_bool(value, "mp_comm_recompute")
        self._mp_comm_recompute = value

    @property
    def recompute_slice_activation(self):
        return self._recompute_slice_activation

    @recompute_slice_activation.setter
    def recompute_slice_activation(self, value):
        Validator.check_bool(value, "recompute_slice_activation")
        self._recompute_slice_activation = value

_DEFALUT_TRANSFORMER_RECOMPUTE_CONFIG = TransformerRecomputeConfig()

class TransformerOpParallelConfig(_Config):
    r"""
        TransformerOpParallelConfig for the setting global data parallel, model parallel and fusion group.
        The parallel configure setting.

        Note:
            Except the recompute argument, other arguments will not be effective when the user doesn't set
            auto_parallel_context to `SEMI_AUTO_PARALLEL` or `AUTO_PARALLEL`.
            The micro_batch_num must be greater than or equal to pipeline_stage. The data_parallel\*model_parallel
            \*pipeline_stage must be equal or less equal to the device. When setting the pipeline stage and
            optimizer_shard, the config will overwrite the auto_parallel_context.

        Args:
            data_parallel (int): The data parallel way. Default: 1.
            model_parallel (int): The model parallel way. Default: 1.
            pipeline_stage (int): The number of the pipeline stage. Should be a positive value. Default: 1.
            micro_batch_num (int): The microe size of the batches for the pipeline training. Default: 1.
            optimizer_shard (bool): Whether to enable optimizer shard. Default False.
            gradient_aggregation_group (int): The fusion group size of the optimizer state sharding. Default: 4.
            recompute (Union[TransformerRecomputeConfig, bool]): The configuration of recomputation for
                the transformer block. Default: The default configuration of TransformerRecomputeConfig.
            vocab_emb_dp (bool): Shard embedding in model parallel or data parallel. Default: True.

        Supported Platforms:
            ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

        Examples:
            >>> recompute_config=TransformerRecomputeConfig(recompute=True, parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute=True,
            >>> mp_comm_recompute=True, recompute_slice_activation=True)
            >>> config=TransformerOpParallelConfig(data_parallel=1, model_parallel=1, recompute=recompute_config)
    """

    def __init__(self, data_parallel=1, model_parallel=1, pipeline_stage=1, micro_batch_num=1,
                 recompute=_DEFALUT_TRANSFORMER_RECOMPUTE_CONFIG,
                 optimizer_shard=False, gradient_aggregation_group=4, vocab_emb_dp=True):
        self.recompute = recompute
        self.optimizer_shard = optimizer_shard
        self.gradient_aggregation_group = gradient_aggregation_group
        self._embed_dp_mp_config = EmbeddingOpParallelConfig(data_parallel=data_parallel, model_parallel=model_parallel,
                                                             vocab_emb_dp=vocab_emb_dp)
        self._pp_config = _PipeLineConfig(pipeline_stage=pipeline_stage, micro_batch_num=micro_batch_num)

    @property
    def recompute(self):
        return self._recompute

    @recompute.setter
    def recompute(self, value):
        if not isinstance(value, TransformerRecomputeConfig) and not isinstance(value, bool):
            raise TypeError(f"recompute should be a TransformerRecomputeConfig/bool, but got {type(value).__name__}.")
        if isinstance(value, bool):
            logger.warning(f"TransformerRecomputeConfig is recommended as the recompute configuration type.")
        self._recompute = value

    @property
    def vocab_emb_dp(self):
        return self._embed_dp_mp_config.vocab_emb_dp

    @vocab_emb_dp.setter
    def vocab_emb_dp(self, value):
        self._embed_dp_mp_config.vocab_emb_dp = value

    @property
    def gradient_aggregation_group(self):
        return self._gradient_aggregation_group

    @gradient_aggregation_group.setter
    def gradient_aggregation_group(self, value):
        Validator.check_positive_int(value, "gradient_aggregation_group")
        self._gradient_aggregation_group = value

    @property
    def micro_batch_num(self):
        return self._pp_config.micro_batch_num

    @micro_batch_num.setter
    def micro_batch_num(self, value):
        self._pp_config.micro_batch_num = value

    @property
    def model_parallel(self):
        return self._embed_dp_mp_config.model_parallel

    @model_parallel.setter
    def model_parallel(self, value):
        self._embed_dp_mp_config.model_parallel = value

    @property
    def data_parallel(self):
        return self._embed_dp_mp_config.data_parallel

    @data_parallel.setter
    def data_parallel(self, value):
        self._embed_dp_mp_config.data_parallel = value

    @property
    def pipeline_stage(self):
        return self._pp_config.pipeline_stage

    @pipeline_stage.setter
    def pipeline_stage(self, value):
        self._pp_config.pipeline_stage = value

    @property
    def optimizer_shard(self):
        return self._optimizer_shard

    @optimizer_shard.setter
    def optimizer_shard(self, value):
        Validator.check_bool(value, "optimizer_shard")
        self._optimizer_shard = value
        context.set_auto_parallel_context(enable_parallel_optimizer=value)

    @property
    def embedding_dp_mp_config(self):
        r"""
            To obtain the EmbeddingParallelConfig for the setting data parallel, model parallel and embedding
            parallel.

            Supported Platforms:
                ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

            Examples:
                >>> config=TransformerOpParallelConfig(data_parallel=1, model_parallel=1, vocab_emb_dp=True)
                >>> parallel_config = config.embedding_dp_mp_config
        """
        return self._embed_dp_mp_config

    @property
    def dp_mp_config(self):
        r"""
            To obtain the EmbeddingParallelConfig for the setting data parallel, model parallel and embedding
            parallel.

            Supported Platforms:
                ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

            Examples:
                >>> config=TransformerOpParallelConfig(data_parallel=1, model_parallel=1, vocab_emb_dp=True)
                >>> parallel_config = config.dp_mp_config
        """
        return self._embed_dp_mp_config.dp_mp_config


default_transformer_config = TransformerOpParallelConfig()
default_embedding_parallel_config = EmbeddingOpParallelConfig()


class FeedForward(Cell):
    r"""
    The multilayer perceptron with two linear layers with dropout applied at final output. The first linear
    will project the input dimension from hidden_size to ffn_hidden_size, the second linear will project the
    dimension from ffn_hidden_size to hidden_size. The first linear is sharded on the relative dimension,
    the second linear is sharded on the output dimension. The overview process can be

    .. math::
        Dropout((xW_1+b_1)W_2 + b_2))

    where the :math:`W_1, W_2, b_1` and :math:`b_2` are trainable parameters.

    Args:
        hidden_size (int): The dimension of the inputs.
        ffn_hidden_size (int): The intermediate hidden size.
        dropout_rate (float): The dropout rate for the second linear's output.
        hidden_act (str): The activation of the internal feedforward layer. Supports 'relu',
                         'relu6', 'tanh', 'gelu', 'fast_gelu', 'elu', 'sigmoid', 'prelu', 'leakyrelu', 'hswish',
                         'hsigmoid', 'logsigmoid' and so on. Default: gelu.
        expert_num (int): The number of experts used in Linear. For the case expert_num > 1, BatchMatMul is used
            and the first dimension in BatchMatMul indicate expert_num. Default: 1.
        param_init_type (dtype.Number): The parameter initialization type. Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16.
                                        Default: dtype.float32.
        parallel_config(OpParallelConfig): The config of parallel setting, see `OpParallelConfig`.
                                           Default `default_dpmp_config`, an instance of `OpParallelConfig` with
                                           default args.

    Inputs:
        - **x** (Tensor) - should be `[batch, seq_length, hidden_size] or [batch * seq_length, hidden_size]`.
          Float tensor.

    Outputs:
        Tensor, the output of this layer after mapping. The shape is `[batch, seq_length, hidden_size] or
        [batch * seq_length, hidden_size]`.

    Raises:
        ValueError: `hidden_act` is not a string.
        TypeError: `parallel_config` is not a subclass of OpParallelConfig.
        ValueError: `ffn_hidden_size` is not a multiple of the model parallel way.
        ValueError: `hidden_size` is not a multiple of the model parallel way.

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import FeedForward
        >>> from mindspore import dtype as mstype
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> model = FeedForward(hidden_size=15, ffn_hidden_size=30, dropout_rate=0.1)
        >>> tensor = Tensor(np.ones((2, 20, 15)), mstype.float32)
        >>> output = model(tensor)
        >>> print(output.shape)
        (2, 20, 15)
    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                ffn_hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_act=_valid_type_checks([str], "FeedForward"),
                                param_init_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                    "FeedForward"),
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([OpParallelConfig],
                                                                   "FeedForward"))
    def __init__(self, hidden_size,
                 ffn_hidden_size,
                 dropout_rate,
                 hidden_act='gelu',
                 expert_num=1,
                 param_init_type=mstype.float32,
                 parallel_config=default_dpmp_config):
        super(FeedForward, self).__init__()
        _check_config(parallel_config)
        dp = parallel_config.data_parallel
        mp = parallel_config.model_parallel
        if ffn_hidden_size % mp != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'ffn_hidden_size' must be a multiple of the model parallel way, "
                             "but got the ffn_hidden_size is {} and the num of model parallel  is {}."
                             .format(ffn_hidden_size, mp))
        if hidden_size % mp != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'hidden_size' must be a multiple of the model parallel way, "
                             "but got the hidden_size is {} and the num of model parallel  is {}."
                             .format(hidden_size, mp))
        if dropout_rate < 0 or dropout_rate >= 1:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'dropout_rate' must be in the range [0, 1.0), "
                             "but got the value : {}.".format(dropout_rate))
        input_size = hidden_size
        output_size = ffn_hidden_size
        # Here, 'ep' stands for expert parallel number, which is equal to data parallel number.
        ep = dp
        # Project to ffn_hidden_size
        self.mapping = _Linear(in_channels=input_size,
                               out_channels=output_size,
                               activation=hidden_act,
                               transpose_b=False,
                               expert_num=expert_num,
                               param_init_type=param_init_type)

        if expert_num > 1:
            self.mapping.shard(strategy_matmul=((ep, 1, 1), (ep, 1, mp)),
                               strategy_bias=((ep, 1, mp), (mp,)),
                               strategy_activation=((ep, 1, mp),))
        else:
            self.mapping.shard(strategy_matmul=((dp, 1), (1, mp)),
                               strategy_bias=((dp, mp), (mp,)),
                               strategy_activation=((dp, mp),))
        # Project back to hidden_size
        self.projection = _Linear(in_channels=output_size,
                                  out_channels=input_size,
                                  transpose_b=False,
                                  expert_num=expert_num,
                                  param_init_type=param_init_type)
        if expert_num > 1:
            self.projection.shard(strategy_matmul=((ep, 1, mp), (ep, mp, 1)),
                                  strategy_bias=((ep, 1, 1), (1,)))
        else:
            self.projection.shard(strategy_matmul=((dp, mp), (mp, 1)),
                                  strategy_bias=((dp, 1), (1,)))
        self.projection.bias.parallel_optimizer = False
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(1 - dropout_rate)
        self.dropout.dropout.shard(((dp, 1),))
        self.dropout_3d = nn.Dropout(1 - dropout_rate)
        self.dropout_3d.dropout.shard(((dp, 1, 1),))
        self.cast = P.Cast()

    def construct(self, x):
        _check_input_shape(F.shape(x), "x", self.cls_name, [2, 3])
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(x), "x", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        x = self.cast(x, mstype.float16)
        # returned shape is [bs, seq_length, ffn_hidden_size] or [bs * seq_length, ffn_hidden_size]
        hidden = self.mapping(x)
        output = self.projection(hidden)
        # returned shape is [bs, seq_length, ffn_hidden_size] or [bs * seq_length, ffn_hidden_size]
        if len(F.shape(output)) == 3:
            output = self.dropout_3d(output)
        else:
            output = self.dropout(output)
        return output


class AttentionMask(Cell):
    r"""
    Get the Lower triangular matrix from the input mask. The input mask is a 2D tensor (batch_size, seq_length)
    with 1 and 0. 1 indicates the current position is a valid token, otherwise not.

    Args:
        seq_length(int): The sequence length of the input tensor.
        parallel_config(OpParallelConfig): The parallel configure. Default `default_dpmp_config`,
                                           an instance of `OpParallelConfig` with default args.

    Inputs:
        - **input_mask** (Tensor) - The mask indicating whether each position is a valid input with
          (batch_size, seq_length).

    Outputs:
        Tensor. The attention mask matrix with shape (batch_size, seq_length, seq_length).

    Raises:
        TypeError: `seq_length` is not an integer.
        ValueError: `seq_length` is not a positive value.
        TypeError: `parallel_config` is not a subclass of OpParallelConfig.

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import AttentionMask
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> mask = AttentionMask(seq_length=4)
        >>> mask_array = np.array([[1, 1, 1, 0]], np.float32)
        >>> inputs = Tensor(mask_array)
        >>> res = mask(inputs)
        >>> print(res)
        [[[1. 0. 0. 0],
          [1. 1. 0. 0],
          [1. 1. 1. 0],
          [0. 0. 0. 0]]]
    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([OpParallelConfig], "AttentionMask"))
    def __init__(self, seq_length, parallel_config=default_dpmp_config):
        super(AttentionMask, self).__init__()
        self.seq_length = seq_length
        self.not_equal = P.NotEqual().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1), ()))
        self.reshape = P.Reshape()
        self.mul = P.BatchMatMul().shard(
            ((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1), (parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1)))
        self.expand_dim = P.ExpandDims().shard(((1, 1),))
        ones = np.ones(shape=(seq_length, seq_length))
        # Default lower triangle mask matrix
        self.lower_triangle_mask = Tensor(np.tril(ones), mstype.float32)
        self.multiply = P.Mul().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1)))

    def construct(self, input_mask):
        _check_input_shape(F.shape(input_mask), "input_mask", self.cls_name, 2)
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(input_mask), "input_mask", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        _check_input_shape_value(F.shape(input_mask), 1, "input_mask", self.cls_name, self.seq_length)
        input_mask = P.Cast()(self.not_equal(input_mask, 0), mstype.float16)
        input_shape = P.Shape()(input_mask)
        shape_right = (input_shape[0], 1, input_shape[1])
        shape_left = input_shape + (1,)
        # Mask the padded inputs
        mask_left = self.reshape(input_mask, shape_left)
        mask_right = self.reshape(input_mask, shape_right)
        attention_mask = self.mul(mask_left, mask_right)
        lower_traiangle = self.expand_dim(self.lower_triangle_mask, 0)
        # the returned shape is [bs, seq_length, seq_length]
        attention_mask = self.multiply(
            attention_mask, lower_traiangle)
        return attention_mask


class VocabEmbedding(Cell):
    """
    The embedding lookup table from the 0-th dim of the parameter table. When the parallel_config.vocab_emb_dp is
    True and in the `AUTO_PARALLEL_MODE`, the embedding lookup will be a `parallel_config.data_parallel`
    data parallel way, or will shard the parameter at the 0-th dimension in `parallel_config.model_parallel`, so-called
    row slice of the embedding table.

    Args:
        vocab_size (int): Size of the dictionary of embeddings.
        embedding_size (int): The size of each embedding vector.
        param_init (Union[Tensor, str, Initializer, numbers.Number]): Initializer for the embedding_table.
            Refer to class `initializer` for the values of string when a string
            is specified. Default: 'normal'.
        parallel_config(EmbeddingOpParallelConfig): The parallel config of network. Default
            `default_embedding_parallel_config`, an instance of `EmbeddingOpParallelConfig` with default args.

    Inputs:
        **input_ids** (Tensor) - The tokenized inputs with datatype int32 with shape (batch_size, seq_length)

    Outputs:
        Tuple, a tuple contains (`output`, `embedding_table`)

        - **output** (Tensor) - The embedding vector for the input with shape (batch_size,
          seq_length, embedding_size).
        - **embedding_table** (Tensor) - The embedding table with shape (vocab_size, embedding_size).

    Raises:
        ValueError: If the parallel_config.vocab_emb_dp is True, the vocab size is not a multiple of
            parallel_config.model_parallel
        ValueError: `vocab_size` is not a positive value.
        ValueError: `embedding_size` is not a positive value.
        TypeError: `parallel_config` is not a subclass of OpParallelConfig.

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import VocabEmbedding
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> from mindspore import dtype as mstype
        >>> model = VocabEmbedding(vocab_size=30, embedding_size=30)
        >>> tensor = Tensor(np.ones((20, 15)), mstype.int32)
        >>> output, table = model(tensor)
        >>> print(output.shape)
        (20, 15, 30)
        >>> print(table.shape)
        (30, 30)
    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(vocab_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                embedding_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([EmbeddingOpParallelConfig], "VocabEmbedding"))
    def __init__(self, vocab_size, embedding_size, parallel_config=default_embedding_parallel_config,
                 param_init='normal'):
        super(VocabEmbedding, self).__init__()
        _check_config(parallel_config)
        self.vocab_size = vocab_size
        self.embedding_size = embedding_size
        self.embedding_table = Parameter(initializer(param_init, [self.vocab_size, self.embedding_size]),
                                         name='embedding_table', parallel_optimizer=False)
        if parallel_config.vocab_emb_dp:
            self.gather = P.GatherV2().shard(((1, 1), (parallel_config.data_parallel, 1)))
            logger.info(f"Using {parallel_config.data_parallel} data parallel for the embedding lookup.")
        else:
            if self.vocab_size % parallel_config.model_parallel != 0:
                raise ValueError(f"The vocab size of the embedding {self.vocab_size} must be a "
                                 f"multiple of parallel_config.model_parallel {parallel_config.model_parallel}.")
            self.gather = P.GatherV2().shard(((parallel_config.model_parallel, 1), (1, 1)))
            logger.info(f"Using {parallel_config.data_parallel} model parallel for the embedding lookup.")

    def construct(self, input_ids):
        _check_input_shape(F.shape(input_ids), "input_ids", self.cls_name, 2)
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(input_ids), "input_ids", [mstype.int32], self.cls_name)
        output = self.gather(self.embedding_table, input_ids, 0)
        return output, self.embedding_table


class MultiHeadAttention(Cell):
    r"""
    This is an implementation of multihead attention in the paper `Attention is all you need
    <https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.03762v5.pdf>`_. Given the query vector with source length, and the
    key and value vector with target length, the attention will be performed as the following

    .. math::
           MultiHeadAttention(query, key, vector) = Concat(head_1, \dots, head_h)W^O

    where :math:`head_i = Attention(QW_i^Q, KW_i^K, VW_i^V)`. The default is with a bias.

    if query, key and value tensor is same, then it will be self attention.

    Args:
        batch_size(int): The batch size of the input tensor.
        src_seq_length(int): The sequence length of the query vector.
        tgt_seq_length(int): The sequence length of the key and value vector.
        hidden_size(int): The hidden size of the input.
        num_heads(int): The number of the heads.
        hidden_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the final output of the layer. Default:0.1
        attention_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the attention scores. Default:0.1
        compute_dtype(dtype.Number): The computation type of dense. Default dtype.float16.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16.
        param_init_type(dtype.Number): The parameter initialization type of the module. Default dtype.float32.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16.
        softmax_compute_type(dtype.Number): The type of softmax computation module. Default dtype.float32.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16.
        use_past(bool): Use the past state to compute, used for incremental prediction. For example, if we have two
            words and want to generate the ten more words. We just need to compute the two words's state only once,
            and generate the next word one by one. When use_past is True, there are two steps to run the prediction.
            The first step, set the is_first_iteration to be True by
            `model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=True)`, and pass the full inputs. Then, set the
            is_first_iteration to be False by `model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=False)`. At this moment,
            pass the single step's input tensor, and loop it. Default False.
        parallel_config(OpParallelConfig): The parallel configure. Default `default_dpmp_config`,
                                           an instance of `OpParallelConfig` with default args.

    Inputs:
        - **query_tensor** (Tensor) - the query vector with shape (batch_size, src_seq_length, hidden_size) or
          (batch_size * src_seq_length, hidden_size), if the use_past is False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise,
          must be (batch_size, 1, hidden_size)
        - **key_tensor** (Tensor) - the key vector with shape (batch_size, tgt_seq_length, hidden_size) or
          (batch_size * tgt_seq_length, hidden_size), if the use_past is False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise,
          must be (batch_size, 1, hidden_size)
        - **value_tensor** (Tensor) - the value vector with shape (batch_size, tgt_seq_length, hidden_size) or
          (batch_size * tgt_seq_length, hidden_size), if the use_past is False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise,
          must be (batch_size, 1, hidden_size)
        - **attention_mask** (Tensor) - the attention mask matrix with shape (batch_size, src_seq_length,
          tgt_seq_length), if the use_past is False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise,
          must be (batch_size, 1, tgt_seq_length)
        - **key_past** (Tensor) - Float16 tensor with shape (batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, tgt_seq_length).
          The past calculated key vector. Used for incremental prediction when the use_past is True.
          Default None.
        - **value_past** (Tensor) - Float16 tensor with shape (batch_size, num_heads, tgt_seq_length, size_per_head).
          The past calculated value vector. Used for incremental prediction when the use_past is True.
          Default None.
        - **batch_valid_length** (Tensor) - Int32 tensor with shape (batch_size,) the past calculated the index.
          Used for incremental prediction when the use_past is True. Default None.

    Outputs:
        Tuple, a tuple contains(`output`, `layer_present`)

        - **output** (Tensor) - Tensor, the float tensor of the output of the layer with
          shape (batch_size, src_seq_length, hidden_size) or (batch_size * src_seq_length, hidden_size),
          if the use_past is False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise, it will be (batch_size, 1, hidden_size).

        - **layer_present** (Tuple) - A tuple of the Tensor of the projected key and value vector with
          ((batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, tgt_seq_length),
          (batch_size, num_heads, tgt_seq_length, size_per_head)).

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import MultiHeadAttention
        >>> from mindspore import dtype as mstype
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> model = MultiHeadAttention(batch_size=2, hidden_size=15, src_seq_length=20, tgt_seq_length=20,
        ...                            num_heads=3)
        >>> from_tensor = Tensor(np.ones((2, 20, 15)), mstype.float32)
        >>> to_tensor = Tensor(np.ones((2, 20, 15)), mstype.float16)
        >>> attention_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 20, 20)), mstype.float16)
        >>> attn_out, past = model(from_tensor, to_tensor, to_tensor, attention_mask)
        >>> print(attn_out.shape)
        (2, 20, 15)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 3, 5, 20)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 3, 20, 5)
        # When use use_past=True, it includes two steps to implement the incremental prediction.
        # Step 1: set is_first_iteration=True, and input the full sequence length's state.
        # We need to prepare the memory parameters for saving key and value states firstly.
        >>> model = MultiHeadAttention(batch_size=2, hidden_size=15, src_seq_length=20, tgt_seq_length=20,
        ...                            num_heads=3, use_past=True)
        >>> key_past = Tensor(np.zeros(shape=(2, 3, 5, 20)), mstype.float16)
        >>> value_past = Tensor(np.zeros(shape=(2, 3, 20, 5)), mstype.float16)
        >>> batch_valid_length = Tensor(np.ones((2,)), mstype.int32)
        # Set is_first_iteration=True to generate the full memory states
        >>> model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=True)
        >>> attn_out, past = model(from_tensor, to_tensor, to_tensor, attention_mask, key_past, value_past,
        ...                        batch_valid_length)
        >>> print(attn_out.shape)
        (2, 20, 15)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 3, 5, 20)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 3, 20, 5)
        >>> from_tensor = Tensor(np.ones((2, 1, 15)), mstype.float32)
        >>> to_tensor = Tensor(np.ones((2, 1, 15)), mstype.float16)
        >>> attention_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 1, 20)), mstype.float16)
        # Step 2: set is_first_iteration=False, and pass the single word to run the prediction rather than the full
        # sequence.
        >>> model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=False)
        >>> attn_out, past = model(from_tensor, to_tensor, to_tensor, attention_mask, key_past, value_past,
        ...                        batch_valid_length)
        >>> print(attn_out.shape)
        (2, 1, 15)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 3, 5, 20)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 3, 20, 5)
    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(batch_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                num_heads=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                src_seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                tgt_seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                attention_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                compute_dtype=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                  "MultiHeadAttention"),
                                softmax_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                         "MultiHeadAttention"),
                                param_init_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                    "MultiHeadAttention"),
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([OpParallelConfig],
                                                                   "MultiHeadAttention"),
                                use_past=Validator.check_bool)
    def __init__(self, batch_size,
                 src_seq_length,
                 tgt_seq_length,
                 hidden_size,
                 num_heads,
                 hidden_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 attention_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 compute_dtype=mstype.float16,
                 softmax_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 param_init_type=mstype.float32,
                 use_past=False,
                 parallel_config=default_dpmp_config):
        super(MultiHeadAttention, self).__init__()
        _check_config(parallel_config)
        self.is_parallel_mode = _get_parallel_mode() in (ParallelMode.SEMI_AUTO_PARALLEL, ParallelMode.AUTO_PARALLEL)
        self.src_seq_length = src_seq_length
        self.tgt_seq_length = tgt_seq_length
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
        self.batch_size = batch_size
        if hidden_dropout_rate < 0 or hidden_dropout_rate >= 1:
            raise ValueError("The parameter 'hidden_dropout_rate' must be in range [0, 1.0), "
                             "but got the value : {}.".format(hidden_dropout_rate))
        if attention_dropout_rate < 0 or attention_dropout_rate >= 1:
            raise ValueError("The parameter 'attention_dropout_rate' must be in range [0, 1.0), "
                             "but got the value : {}.".format(attention_dropout_rate))
        if hidden_size % num_heads != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter 'hidden_size' should be a multiple of 'num_heads', "
                             "but got the hidden_size is {} and the num_heads is {}.".format(hidden_size, num_heads))
        if num_heads % parallel_config.model_parallel != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter 'num_heads' must be a multiple of 'parallel_config.model_parallel', "
                             "but got the num_heads is {} and the parallel_config.model_parallel  is {}."
                             .format(num_heads, parallel_config.model_parallel))
        if self.is_parallel_mode and batch_size % parallel_config.data_parallel != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter 'batch_size' must be a multiple of 'parallel_config.data_parallel', "
                             "but got the batch_size is {} and the parallel_config.data_parallel is {}."
                             .format(batch_size, parallel_config.data_parallel))
        self.is_first_iteration = True
        # Output layer
        self.projection = _Linear(in_channels=hidden_size,
                                  out_channels=hidden_size,
                                  transpose_b=False,
                                  param_init_type=param_init_type).to_float(compute_dtype)
        self.projection.shard(strategy_bias=((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1), (1,)),
                              strategy_matmul=((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel),
                                               (parallel_config.model_parallel, 1)))
        self.projection.bias.parallel_optimizer = False
        self.transpose = P.Transpose().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, parallel_config.model_parallel, 1),))
        self.merger_head_transpose = P.Transpose().shard(
            ((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel, 1, 1),))
        self.reshape = P.Reshape()
        self.n_head = num_heads
        # embedding size per head
        self.size_per_head = hidden_size // self.n_head
        self.concat_k = P.Concat(axis=3)
        self.concat_v = P.Concat(axis=2)
        self.multiply_data = Tensor([
            -10000.0,
        ], dtype=softmax_compute_type)
        self.batch_matmul = P.BatchMatMul().shard(
            ((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel, 1, 1),
             (parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel, 1, 1)))
        self.real_div = P.RealDiv().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel, 1, 1), ()))
        self.sub = P.Sub().shard(
            ((1,), (parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1, 1)))
        self.mul = P.Mul().shard(
            ((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1, 1), (1,)))
        self.add = P.Add().shard(
            ((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1, 1),
             (parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel, 1, 1)))
        # Normalize factor for attention, sqrt(dk) as widely used
        self.scale_factor = Tensor(math.sqrt(self.size_per_head))
        self.use_past = use_past
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(1 - hidden_dropout_rate)
        self.dropout.dropout.shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1),))
        self.prob_dropout = nn.Dropout(1 - attention_dropout_rate)
        self.prob_dropout.dropout.shard(
            ((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel, 1, 1),))
        self.softmax = nn.Softmax().to_float(softmax_compute_type)
        self.softmax.softmax.shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel, 1),))
        self.expand_dims = P.ExpandDims().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1),))

        # Query
        self.dense1 = _Linear(hidden_size,
                              hidden_size,
                              param_init_type=param_init_type).to_float(compute_dtype)
        self.dense1.shard(strategy_matmul=((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1), (parallel_config.model_parallel, 1)),
                          strategy_bias=((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel),
                                         (parallel_config.model_parallel,)))
        # Key
        self.dense2 = _Linear(hidden_size,
                              hidden_size,
                              param_init_type=param_init_type).to_float(compute_dtype)
        self.dense2.shard(strategy_matmul=((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1), (parallel_config.model_parallel, 1)),
                          strategy_bias=((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel),
                                         (parallel_config.model_parallel,)))

        # Value
        self.dense3 = _Linear(hidden_size,
                              hidden_size,
                              param_init_type=param_init_type).to_float(compute_dtype)
        self.dense3.shard(strategy_matmul=((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1), (parallel_config.model_parallel, 1)),
                          strategy_bias=((parallel_config.data_parallel, parallel_config.model_parallel),
                                         (parallel_config.model_parallel,)))
        self.dtype = compute_dtype
        self.softmax_dtype = softmax_compute_type
        if self.use_past:
            # operators used for state reuse
            seq_range = np.arange(src_seq_length).reshape(1, 1, -1)
            self.range = Tensor(np.tile(seq_range, (batch_size, 1, 1)), mstype.int32)
            self.seq_length = src_seq_length
            self.attention_mask = Tensor(np.tril(np.ones(shape=(self.seq_length, self.seq_length))), mstype.int32)
            self.slice = P.StridedSlice().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1),))
            self.not_equal = P.NotEqual().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), ()))
            self.reducesum = P.ReduceSum().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1),))
            self.expand_dims = P.ExpandDims().shard(((1, 1, 1),))
            self.tensor_le = P.LessEqual().shard(((1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1)))
            self.add = P.Add().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1, 1)))
            self.equal = P.Equal().shard(((1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1)))
            self.sub1 = P.Sub().shard(((1,), ()))
            self.tile = P.Tile().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1),))
            self.less = P.Less().shard(((1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1)))
            self.mul1 = P.Mul().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1, 1)))

    def construct(self, query_tensor, key_tensor, value_tensor, attention_mask, key_past=None,
                  value_past=None, batch_valid_length=None):
        self._check_inputs(query_tensor, key_tensor, value_tensor, attention_mask, key_past,
                           value_past, batch_valid_length)
        query_tensor, key_tensor, value_tensor, batch_size, ori_shape = self._convert_to_2d_tensor(query_tensor,
                                                                                                   key_tensor,
                                                                                                   value_tensor,
                                                                                                   attention_mask)

        # multi head attention: query, key, value are derived from the same inputs
        query = self.dense1(query_tensor)
        key = self.dense2(key_tensor)
        value = self.dense3(value_tensor)
        # the returned shape is [bs, num_heads, seq_length, size_per_head]
        query = self.transpose(
            F.reshape(
                query,
                (batch_size, -1, self.n_head, self.size_per_head)),
            (0, 2, 1, 3))
        # the returned shape is [bs, size_per_head, seq_length, num_heads]
        key = self.transpose(
            F.reshape(
                key, (batch_size, -1, self.n_head, self.size_per_head)),
            (0, 2, 3, 1))
        # the returned shape is [bs, num_heads, seq_length, size_per_head]
        value = self.transpose(
            F.reshape(
                value,
                (batch_size, -1, self.n_head, self.size_per_head)),
            (0, 2, 1, 3))
        # support input shape is [bs, seq, seq] or [bs, heads, seq, seq]
        if len(F.shape(attention_mask)) == 3:
            # expand attention mask from [bs, seq, seq] -> [bs, 1, seq, seq]
            attention_mask = self.expand_dims(attention_mask, 1)
        # key and value for current token(s)
        key_present = key
        value_present = value
        if self.use_past:
            # The first graph with the input size of (bs, seq_length)
            if self.is_first_iteration:
                # Get the valid input length without padding
                valid_length_vector = F.cast(self.less(self.range, batch_valid_length.view(-1, 1, 1)), self.dtype)
                # Cover the key and value numbers corresponding to the padding position
                key_present = self.mul1(key, self.expand_dims(valid_length_vector, 2))
                value_present = self.mul1(value, self.expand_dims(valid_length_vector, 3))
            # The second graph with the inpus size of (bs, 1)
            # the shape of query is (bs, num_heads, 1, size_per_head)
            # the shape of key is   (bs, num_heads, size_per_head, 1)
            # the shape of value is (bs, num_heads, 1, size_per_head)
            else:
                # Get the current token position index
                valid_length = self.reducesum(F.cast(self.not_equal(self.slice(key_past, (0, 0, 0, 0),
                                                                               (F.shape(key_tensor)[0], 1, 1,
                                                                                self.src_seq_length),
                                                                               (1, 1, 1, 1)),
                                                                    0), mstype.float32), (1, 2, 3))
                valid_length = F.reshape(valid_length, (-1, 1, 1))
                valid_length_vector = F.cast(self.equal(valid_length, self.range), self.dtype)
                # Pad the key and value to seq_length with only the position index not zero
                current_key = self.mul1(self.tile(key, (1, 1, 1, self.seq_length)),
                                        self.expand_dims(valid_length_vector, 2))
                current_value = self.mul1(self.tile(value, (1, 1, self.seq_length, 1)),
                                          self.expand_dims(valid_length_vector, 3))
                # Concat the previous saved state and current state
                key = self.add(key_past, current_key)
                value = self.add(value_past, current_value)
                # Update key_present and value_present for state update
                key_present = key
                value_present = value
                attention_mask = F.reshape(self.attention_mask, (self.seq_length, self.seq_length, 1, 1))

        layer_present = (key_present, value_present)
        # multi head attention considering attention mask
        # the return shape is [bs * seq_length, hidden_size]
        attention = self._attn(query, key, value, attention_mask)
        # Output
        output = self.projection(attention)
        output = self.dropout(output)
        output = F.reshape(output, ori_shape)
        return output, layer_present

    def _check_inputs(self, query_tensor, key_tensor, value_tensor, attention_mask, key_past=None,
                      value_past=None, batch_valid_length=None):
        r"""Check inputs"""
        if not self.use_past or (self.use_past and self.is_first_iteration):
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(query_tensor), "query_tensor", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, self.src_seq_length, self.hidden_size],
                                [self.batch_size * self.src_seq_length, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(key_tensor), "key_tensor", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, self.tgt_seq_length, self.hidden_size],
                                [self.batch_size * self.tgt_seq_length, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(value_tensor), "value_tensor", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, self.tgt_seq_length, self.hidden_size],
                                [self.batch_size * self.tgt_seq_length, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(attention_mask), "attention_mask", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, self.src_seq_length, self.tgt_seq_length])
        else:
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(query_tensor), "query_tensor", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, 1, self.hidden_size], [self.batch_size, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(key_tensor), "key_tensor", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, 1, self.hidden_size], [self.batch_size, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(value_tensor), "value_tensor", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, 1, self.hidden_size], [self.batch_size, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(attention_mask), "attention_mask", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, 1, self.tgt_seq_length], [self.batch_size, self.hidden_size]])

        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(query_tensor), "query_tensor", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(key_tensor), "key_tensor", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(value_tensor), "value_tensor", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(attention_mask), "attention_mask", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)

        key_is_tensor = isinstance(key_past, Tensor)
        value_is_tensor = isinstance(value_past, Tensor)
        batch_valid_length_is_tensor = isinstance(batch_valid_length, Tensor)
        key_is_default = key_past is None
        value_is_default = value_past is None
        batch_is_default = batch_valid_length is None
        _check_past_none_input_none(self.use_past, "key_past", self.cls_name, None, key_is_tensor,
                                    key_is_default)
        _check_past_none_input_none(self.use_past, "value_past", self.cls_name, None, value_is_tensor,
                                    value_is_default)
        _check_past_none_input_none(self.use_past, "batch_valid_length", self.cls_name, None,
                                    batch_valid_length_is_tensor, batch_is_default)
        if self.use_past:
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(key_past), "key_past", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, self.n_head, self.size_per_head, self.tgt_seq_length])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(key_past), "key_past", [mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(value_past), "value_past", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, self.n_head, self.tgt_seq_length, self.size_per_head])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(value_past), "value_past", [mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(batch_valid_length), "batch_valid_length", self.cls_name, [self.batch_size])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(batch_valid_length), "batch_valid_length", [mstype.int32], self.cls_name)
        return True

    def _convert_to_2d_tensor(self, query_tensor, key_tensor, value_tensor, attention_mask):
        """convert a nd tensor to a 2d tensor"""
        query_shape = F.shape(query_tensor)
        query_tensor = F.reshape(query_tensor, (-1, query_shape[-1]))
        key_shape = F.shape(key_tensor)
        key_tensor = F.reshape(key_tensor, (-1, key_shape[-1]))
        value_shape = F.shape(value_tensor)
        value_tensor = F.reshape(value_tensor, (-1, value_shape[-1]))
        return query_tensor, key_tensor, value_tensor, F.shape(attention_mask)[0], query_shape

    def _merge_heads(self, x):
        """
        convert a 4d input to a 2d output

        Inputs:
            x: input tensor

        Output:
            x_merge: the 2d output
        """
        x = self.merger_head_transpose(
            x, (0, 2, 1, 3))  # bs, seq_length, head, size_per_head
        x_shape = P.Shape()(x)
        new_shape = (-1, x_shape[-2] * x_shape[-1])
        x_merge = self.reshape(x, new_shape)
        return x_merge

    def _attn(self, query, key, value, attention_mask):
        """
        Get the weighted score along the seq_length

        Inputs:
            query: the query matrix
            key: the key matrix
            value: the value matrix
            attention_mask: the attention mask matrix with shape (batch_size,
            1, seq_length, seq_length)
        Outputs:
            weighted_values: Tensor, the weighted sum scores
        """
        # Normalize query and key before MatMul, default off
        # Attention score [bs, num_heads, seq_length, seq_length]
        score = self.batch_matmul(query, key)
        # Normalize after query and key MatMul
        score = self.real_div(
            score,
            P.Cast()(self.scale_factor, P.DType()(score)))

        ori_dtype = P.DType()(score)
        score = P.Cast()(score, self.softmax_dtype)

        # for input size of (bs, 1) namely the second graph,
        # the shape of attention_mask matrix should be (bs, 1, 1, seq_length)
        if self.use_past and not self.is_first_iteration:
            # Calculate the current total token
            current_index = self.reducesum(F.cast(self.not_equal(self.slice(key, (0, 0, 0, 0),
                                                                            (F.shape(query)[0], 1, 1, self.seq_length),
                                                                            (1, 1, 1, 1)),
                                                                 0), mstype.float32), (1, 2, 3))
            # Get the precise position index
            index = self.sub1(F.cast(current_index, mstype.int32), 1)
            index = F.reshape(index, (-1, 1, 1))
            # Calculate the attention_mask matrix via the position index
            attention_mask = F.cast(self.tensor_le(self.range, index), mstype.int32)
            attention_mask = self.expand_dims(attention_mask, 2)

        # Minus 10000 for the position where masked to exclude them from softmax
        multiplu_out = self.sub(
            P.Cast()(F.tuple_to_array((1.0,)), P.DType()(score)),
            P.Cast()(attention_mask, P.DType()(score)))

        adder = self.mul(multiplu_out, self.multiply_data)
        attention_scores = self.add(adder, score)

        shape = F.shape(attention_scores)
        # attention probs
        attention_probs = self.softmax(
            F.reshape(attention_scores,
                      (shape[0], -1, shape[-1])))
        attention_probs = P.Cast()(attention_probs, ori_dtype)
        attention_probs = F.reshape(attention_probs, shape)

        attention_probs = self.prob_dropout(attention_probs)
        # Weighted sum output [bs, num_heads, seq_length, size_per_head]
        weighted_values = self.batch_matmul(attention_probs, value)
        attention_merge = self._merge_heads(weighted_values)
        return attention_merge


class TransformerEncoderLayer(Cell):
    r"""
    Transformer Encoder Layer. This is an implementation of the single layer of the transformer
    encoder layer, including multihead attention and feedward layer.

    Args:
        batch_size(int): The batch size of the input tensor.
        hidden_size(int): The hidden size of the input.
        seq_length(int): The input sequence length.
        ffn_hidden_size(int): The hidden size of bottleneck in the feedforward layer.
        num_heads(int): The number of the heads.
        hidden_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the final output of the layer. Default:0.1
        attention_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the attention scores. Default:0.1
        post_layernorm_residual(bool): Do residuals adds before the layernorm. Default False.
        hidden_act(str): The activation of the internal feedforward layer. Supports 'relu',
                         'relu6', 'tanh', 'gelu', 'fast_gelu', 'elu', 'sigmoid', 'prelu', 'leakyrelu', 'hswish',
                         'hsigmoid', 'logsigmoid' and so on. Default: gelu.
        layernorm_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the layernorm.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        softmax_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the softmax in the attention.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default mstype.float32.
        param_init_type(dtype.Number): The parameter initialization type of the module.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        use_past(bool): Use the past state to compute, used for incremental prediction. For example, if we have two
            words and want to generate the ten more words. We just need to compute the two words's state only once,
            and generate the next word one by one. When use_past is True, there are two steps to run the prediction.
            The first step, set the is_first_iteration to be True by
            `model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=True)`, and pass the full inputs. Then, set the
            is_first_iteration to be False by `model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=False)`. At this moment,
            pass the single step's input tensor, and loop it. Default False.
        moe_config(MoEConfig): The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert).
        parallel_config(OpParallelConfig): The parallel configure. Default `default_dpmp_config`,
                                           an instance of `OpParallelConfig` with default args.

    Inputs:
        - **x** (Tensor) - Float Tensor, shape should be [batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size], if the use_past is False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise,
          should be [batch_size, 1, hidden_size]
        - **input_mask** (Tensor) - Float Tensor, attention mask with shape [batch_size, seq_length, seq_length],
          if the use_past is False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise, should be [batch_size, 1, hidden_size]
        - **init_reset** (Tensor) - A bool tensor with shape [1], used to clear the past key parameter and
          past value parameter used in the incremental prediction. Only valid when use_past is True. Default True.
        - **batch_valid_length** (Tensor) - Int32 tensor with shape [batch_size] the past calculated the index. Used
          for incremental prediction when the use_past is True. Default None.

    Outputs:
        Tuple, a tuple contains(`output`, `layer_present`).

        - **output** (Tensor) - The float tensor of the output of the layer with
          shape (batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size) or (batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size), if the use_past is
          False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise, it will be (batch_size, 1, hidden_size)

        - **layer_present** (Tuple) - A tuple of the Tensor of the projected key and value vector with
          ((batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, seq_length),
          (batch_size, num_heads, seq_length, size_per_head)).

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore import dtype as mstype
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import TransformerEncoderLayer
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> model = TransformerEncoderLayer(batch_size=2, hidden_size=8, ffn_hidden_size=64, seq_length=16,
        ...                                 num_heads=2)
        >>> encoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 16, 8)), mstype.float32)
        >>> encoder_input_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 16, 16)), mstype.float16)
        >>> output, past = model(encoder_input_value, encoder_input_mask)
        >>> print(output.shape)
        (2, 16, 8)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 2, 4, 16)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 2, 16, 4)
        # When use use_past=True, it includes two steps to implement the incremental prediction.
        # Step 1: set is_first_iteration=True, and input the full sequence length's state.
        >>> batch_valid_length = Tensor(np.ones((2,)), mstype.int32)
        >>> init_reset = Tensor([True], mstype.bool_)
        # Set is_first_iteration=True to generate the full memory states
        >>> model = TransformerEncoderLayer(batch_size=2, hidden_size=8, ffn_hidden_size=64, seq_length=16,
        ...                                 num_heads=2, use_past=True)
        >>> model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=True)
        >>> hidden, past = model(encoder_input_value, encoder_input_mask, init_reset, batch_valid_length)
        >>> print(hidden.shape)
        (2, 16, 8)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 2, 4, 16)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 2, 16, 4)
        >>> encoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 1, 8)), mstype.float32)
        >>> encoder_input_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 1, 16)), mstype.float16)
        >>> init_reset = Tensor([False], mstype.bool_)
        # Step 2: set is_first_iteration=False, and pass the single word to run the prediction rather than the full
        # sequence.
        >>> model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=False)
        >>> hidden, past = model(encoder_input_value, encoder_input_mask, init_reset, batch_valid_length)
        >>> print(hidden.shape)
        (2, 1, 8)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 2, 4, 16)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 2, 16, 4)
    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(batch_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                num_heads=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                ffn_hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                attention_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_act=_valid_type_checks([str], "TransformerEncoderLayer"),
                                post_layernorm_residual=Validator.check_bool,
                                layernorm_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                           "TransformerEncoderLayer"),
                                softmax_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                         "TransformerEncoderLayer"),
                                param_init_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                    "TransformerEncoderLayer"),
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([OpParallelConfig],
                                                                   "TransformerEncoderLayer"),
                                use_past=Validator.check_bool)
    def __init__(self,
                 batch_size,
                 hidden_size,
                 ffn_hidden_size,
                 num_heads,
                 seq_length,
                 attention_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 hidden_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 post_layernorm_residual=False,
                 layernorm_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 softmax_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 param_init_type=mstype.float32,
                 hidden_act='gelu',
                 use_past=False,
                 moe_config=default_moe_config,
                 parallel_config=default_dpmp_config):
        super(TransformerEncoderLayer, self).__init__()
        _check_config(parallel_config)
        if num_heads % parallel_config.model_parallel != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'num_heads' must be divisibled by the "
                             "'parallel_config.model_parallel', but got the num_heads is {} and "
                             "parallel_config.model_parallel is {}.".format(num_heads, parallel_config.model_parallel))
        if hidden_size % parallel_config.model_parallel != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'hidden_size' must be divisibled by the "
                             "'parallel_config.model_parallel', but got the hidden_size is {} and parallel_config. "
                             "model_parallel is {}.".format(hidden_size, parallel_config.model_parallel))
        if ffn_hidden_size % parallel_config.model_parallel != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'ffn_hidden_size' must be divisibled by the "
                             "'parallel_config.model_parallel', but got the ffn_hidden_size is {} and parallel_config. "
                             "model_parallel is {}.".format(ffn_hidden_size, parallel_config.model_parallel))
        self.use_past = use_past
        self.seq_length = seq_length
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
        self.batch_size = batch_size
        self.layernorm1 = _LayerNorm((hidden_size,)).to_float(layernorm_compute_type)
        self.layernorm1.shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1),))
        self.layernorm2 = _LayerNorm((hidden_size,)).to_float(layernorm_compute_type)
        self.layernorm2.shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1),))

        self.attention = MultiHeadAttention(batch_size=batch_size,
                                            src_seq_length=seq_length,
                                            tgt_seq_length=seq_length,
                                            hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                            num_heads=num_heads,
                                            hidden_dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                            attention_dropout_rate=attention_dropout_rate,
                                            softmax_compute_type=softmax_compute_type,
                                            param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                            use_past=use_past,
                                            parallel_config=parallel_config)
        self.use_moe = (moe_config.expert_num > 1)
        if self.use_moe is True:
            self.output = MoE(hidden_size=hidden_size,
                              dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                              ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
                              param_init_type=param_init_type,
                              hidden_act=hidden_act,
                              moe_config=moe_config,
                              parallel_config=parallel_config)
        else:
            # Feed Forward Network, FFN
            self.output = FeedForward(hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                      dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                      ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
                                      param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                      hidden_act=hidden_act,
                                      parallel_config=parallel_config)
        self.post_layernorm_residual = post_layernorm_residual
        self.add = P.Add().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1), (parallel_config.data_parallel, 1)))
        self.add_3d = P.Add().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1), (parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1)))
        self.dtype = mstype.float16
        self.key_past = None
        self.value_past = None

        if self.use_past:
            # operator used for state reuse
            self.reducesum = P.ReduceSum().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1),))
            self.not_equal = P.NotEqual().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), ()))
            self.slice = P.StridedSlice().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1),))
            size_per_head = int(hidden_size / num_heads)
            self.key_shape = (batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, seq_length)
            self.value_shape = (batch_size, num_heads, seq_length, size_per_head)
            # parameters saving key and value states
            self.key_past = Parameter(Tensor(np.zeros(shape=self.key_shape), self.dtype), name="key_past")
            self.value_past = Parameter(Tensor(np.zeros(shape=self.value_shape), self.dtype), name="value_past")
            self.tile = P.Tile().shard(((1, 1),))
            self.mul = P.Mul().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), (1,)))
            self.assign = P.Assign().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1, 1)))

    def construct(self, x, input_mask, init_reset=True, batch_valid_length=None):
        self._check_input(x, input_mask, init_reset, batch_valid_length)
        x_shape = F.shape(x)
        x = F.reshape(x, (-1, x_shape[-1]))
        input_x = self.layernorm1(x)
        input_x = F.cast(input_x, self.dtype)

        # indicate whether reset saved states
        key_reset = None
        value_reset = None

        if self.use_past:
            # reset states, init_reset True for reuse and False for reset
            key_reset = self.assign(self.key_past, self.mul(self.key_past, F.cast(init_reset, self.dtype)))
            value_reset = self.assign(self.value_past, self.mul(self.value_past, F.cast(init_reset, self.dtype)))
            # add dependency for desired execution order
            input_x = F.depend(input_x, key_reset)
            input_x = F.depend(input_x, value_reset)

        attention, layer_present = self.attention(input_x, input_x, input_x, input_mask,
                                                  self.key_past, self.value_past, batch_valid_length)
        # For post-layernorm the inputs for residual path are output of self-attention and output of layernorm
        if self.post_layernorm_residual:
            x = self.add(input_x, attention)
        # For pre-layernorm the inputs for residual path are output of self-attention and input of this layer
        else:
            x = self.add(x, attention)

        output_x = self.layernorm2(x)
        output_x = F.cast(output_x, self.dtype)
        aux_loss = None
        if self.use_moe is True:
            mlp_logit, aux_loss = self.output(output_x)
        else:
            mlp_logit = self.output(output_x)

        value_update = None
        key_update = None
        if self.use_past:
            # current key and value
            key_present, value_present = layer_present
            # update key and value calculated this step
            key_update = self.assign(self.key_past, key_present)
            value_update = self.assign(self.value_past, value_present)
            # add dependency for desired execution order
            key_update = F.depend(key_update, key_reset)
            value_update = F.depend(value_update, value_reset)

        # add dependency for desired execution order
        mlp_logit = F.depend(mlp_logit, value_update)
        mlp_logit = F.depend(mlp_logit, key_update)

        # if shape is 3d, we reshape the inputs of the add
        if len(x_shape) == 3:
            output_x = P.Reshape()(output_x, x_shape)
            mlp_logit = P.Reshape()(mlp_logit, x_shape)
            x = P.Reshape()(x, x_shape)

            if self.post_layernorm_residual:
                output = self.add_3d(output_x, mlp_logit)
            else:
                output = self.add_3d(x, mlp_logit)
        else:
            if self.post_layernorm_residual:
                output = self.add(output_x, mlp_logit)
            else:
                output = self.add(x, mlp_logit)
            output = F.reshape(output, x_shape)

        if self.use_moe is True:
            return output, layer_present, aux_loss
        return output, layer_present

    def _check_input(self, x, input_mask, init_reset, batch_valid_length):
        r"""Check inputs"""
        if not self.use_past or (self.use_past and self.is_first_iteration):
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(x), "x", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, self.seq_length, self.hidden_size],
                                [self.batch_size * self.seq_length, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(input_mask), "input_mask", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, self.seq_length, self.seq_length])
        else:
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(x), "x", self.cls_name, [self.batch_size, 1, self.hidden_size])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(input_mask), "input_mask", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, 1, self.seq_length])
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(x), "x", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(input_mask), "input_mask", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)

        init_reset_is_tensor = isinstance(init_reset, Tensor)
        init_reset_is_default = init_reset is True
        batch_valid_length_is_tensor = isinstance(batch_valid_length, Tensor)
        batch_is_default = batch_valid_length is None
        _check_past_none_input_none(self.use_past, "init_reset", self.cls_name, True, init_reset_is_tensor,
                                    init_reset_is_default)
        _check_past_none_input_none(self.use_past, "batch_valid_length", self.cls_name, None,
                                    batch_valid_length_is_tensor, batch_is_default)

        if self.use_past:
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(init_reset), "init_reset", self.cls_name, [1])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(init_reset), "init_reset", [mstype.bool_], self.cls_name)
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(batch_valid_length), "batch_valid_length", self.cls_name, [self.batch_size])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(batch_valid_length), "batch_valid_length", [mstype.int32], self.cls_name)
        return True


class TransformerDecoderLayer(Cell):
    r"""
    Transformer Decoder Layer. This is an implementation of the single layer of the transformer
    decoder layer, including self-attention, cross attention and feedward layer. When the encoder_output is None,
    the cross attention will not be effective.

    Args:
        batch_size(int): The batch size of the input tensor.
        hidden_size(int): The hidden size of the input.
        src_seq_length(int): The input source sequence length.
        tgt_seq_length(int): The input target sequence length.
        ffn_hidden_size(int): The hidden size of bottleneck in the feedforward layer.
        num_heads(int): The number of the heads.
        hidden_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the final output of the layer. Default:0.1.
        attention_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the attention scores. Default:0.1.
        post_layernorm_residual(bool): Do residuals adds before the layernorm. Default False.
        hidden_act(str): The activation of the internal feedforward layer. Supports 'relu',
                         'relu6', 'tanh', 'gelu', 'fast_gelu', 'elu', 'sigmoid', 'prelu', 'leakyrelu', 'hswish',
                         'hsigmoid', 'logsigmoid' and so on. Default: gelu.
        layernorm_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the layernorm.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        softmax_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the softmax in the attention.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default mstype.float32.
        param_init_type(dtype.Number): The parameter initialization type of the module.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        use_past(bool): Use the past state to compute, used for incremental prediction. Default False.
        moe_config(MoEConfig): The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert).
        parallel_config(OpParallelConfig): The parallel configure. Default `default_dpmp_config`,
                                           an instance of `OpParallelConfig` with default args.

    Inputs:
        - **hidden_stats** (Tensor) - the input tensor with shape [batch_size, tgt_seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch_size * tgt_seq_length, hidden_size].
        - **decoder_mask** (Tensor) - the attention mask for decoder with shape [batch_size, src_seq_length,
          seq_length].
        - **encoder_output** (Tensor) - the output of the encoder with shape [batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size]. Note this args can not be passed by None when the net is in outermost
          layer. Default None.
        - **memory_mask** (Tensor) - the memory mask of the cross attention with shape [batch, tgt_seq_length,
          src_seq_length] where tgt_seq_length is the length of the decoder. Note this args can not be passed by
          None when the net is in outermost layer. Default None.
        - **init_reset** (Tensor) - A bool tensor with shape [1], used to clear the past key parameter and
          past value parameter used in the incremental prediction. Only valid when use_past is True. Default True.
        - **batch_valid_length** (Tensor) - Int32 tensor with shape [batch_size] the past calculated the index. Used
          for incremental prediction when the use_past is True. Default None.

    Outputs:
        Tuple, a tuple contains(`output`, `layer_present`)

        - **output** (Tensor) - the output logit of this layer. The shape is [batch, seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch * seq_length, hidden_size].
        - **layer_present** (Tensor) - A tuple, where each tuple is the tensor of the projected key and value
          vector in self attention with shape ((batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, tgt_seq_length),
          (batch_size, num_heads, tgt_seq_length, size_per_head), and of the projected key and value vector
          in cross attention with shape  (batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, src_seq_length),
          (batch_size, num_heads, src_seq_length, size_per_head)).

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore import dtype as mstype
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import TransformerDecoderLayer
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> model = TransformerDecoderLayer(batch_size=2, hidden_size=64, ffn_hidden_size=64, num_heads=2,
        ...                                 src_seq_length=20, tgt_seq_length=10)
        >>> encoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 20, 64)), mstype.float32)
        >>> decoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 64)), mstype.float32)
        >>> decoder_input_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 10)), mstype.float16)
        >>> memory_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 20)), mstype.float16)
        >>> output, past = model(decoder_input_value, decoder_input_mask, encoder_input_value, memory_mask)
        >>> print(output.shape)
        (2, 10, 64)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 2, 32, 10)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 2, 10, 32)
        >>> print(past[2].shape)
        (2, 2, 32, 20)
        >>> print(past[3].shape)
        (2, 2, 20, 32)
    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(batch_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                num_heads=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                ffn_hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                src_seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                tgt_seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                attention_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_act=_valid_type_checks([str], "TransformerDecoderLayer"),
                                post_layernorm_residual=Validator.check_bool,
                                layernorm_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                           "TransformerDecoderLayer"),
                                softmax_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                         "TransformerDecoderLayer"),
                                param_init_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                    "TransformerDecoderLayer"),
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([OpParallelConfig],
                                                                   "TransformerDecoderLayer"),
                                use_past=Validator.check_bool)
    def __init__(self, hidden_size,
                 ffn_hidden_size,
                 num_heads,
                 batch_size,
                 src_seq_length,
                 tgt_seq_length,
                 attention_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 hidden_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 post_layernorm_residual=False,
                 use_past=False,
                 layernorm_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 softmax_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 param_init_type=mstype.float32,
                 hidden_act='gelu',
                 moe_config=default_moe_config,
                 parallel_config=default_dpmp_config):
        super(TransformerDecoderLayer, self).__init__()
        _check_config(parallel_config)
        if num_heads % parallel_config.model_parallel != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'num_heads' must be divisibled by 'parallel_config.model_parallel', "
                             "but got the num_heads is {} and parallel_config.model_parallel is {}."
                             .format(num_heads, parallel_config.model_parallel))
        if hidden_size % parallel_config.model_parallel != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'hidden_size' must be divisibled by 'parallel_config.model_parallel', "
                             "but got the hidden_size is {} and parallel_config.model_parallel is {}."
                             .format(hidden_size, parallel_config.model_parallel))
        if ffn_hidden_size % parallel_config.model_parallel != 0:
            raise ValueError("The parameter of 'ffn_hidden_size' must be divisibled by "
                             "'parallel_config.model_parallel', but got the ffn_hidden_size is {} "
                             "and parallel_config.model_parallel is {}."
                             .format(ffn_hidden_size, parallel_config.model_parallel))
        if use_past is True:
            raise ValueError(f"The {self.cls_name} does not support use_past=True.")
        self.batch_size = batch_size
        self.use_past = use_past
        self.softmax_compute_type = softmax_compute_type

        self.src_seq_length = src_seq_length
        self.tgt_seq_length = tgt_seq_length
        self.use_past = use_past
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size

        self.layernorm1 = _LayerNorm((hidden_size,)).to_float(layernorm_compute_type)
        self.layernorm1.shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1),))
        self.layernorm2 = _LayerNorm((hidden_size,)).to_float(layernorm_compute_type)
        self.layernorm2.shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1),))

        self.attention = MultiHeadAttention(hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                            num_heads=num_heads,
                                            batch_size=batch_size,
                                            src_seq_length=tgt_seq_length,
                                            tgt_seq_length=tgt_seq_length,
                                            hidden_dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                            attention_dropout_rate=attention_dropout_rate,
                                            use_past=use_past,
                                            softmax_compute_type=softmax_compute_type,
                                            param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                            parallel_config=parallel_config)
        # Cross attention with the output of encoder as memory tensor
        self.cross_attention = MultiHeadAttention(hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                                  num_heads=num_heads,
                                                  batch_size=batch_size,
                                                  src_seq_length=tgt_seq_length,
                                                  tgt_seq_length=src_seq_length,
                                                  hidden_dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                                  attention_dropout_rate=attention_dropout_rate,
                                                  softmax_compute_type=softmax_compute_type,
                                                  use_past=use_past,
                                                  param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                                  parallel_config=parallel_config)
        self.cross_attention_layernorm = _LayerNorm((hidden_size,)).to_float(
            layernorm_compute_type)
        self.cross_attention_layernorm.shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1),))
        self.use_moe = (moe_config.expert_num > 1)
        if self.use_moe is True:
            self.output = MoE(hidden_size=hidden_size,
                              dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                              ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
                              param_init_type=param_init_type,
                              hidden_act=hidden_act,
                              moe_config=moe_config,
                              parallel_config=parallel_config)
        else:
            # Feed Forward Network, FFN
            self.output = FeedForward(hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                      dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                      ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
                                      hidden_act=hidden_act,
                                      param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                      parallel_config=parallel_config)
        self.post_layernorm_residual = post_layernorm_residual
        self.add = P.Add().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1), (parallel_config.data_parallel, 1)))
        self.add_3d = P.Add().shard(((parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1), (parallel_config.data_parallel, 1, 1)))
        self.dtype = mstype.float16
        self.key_past = None
        self.value_past = None
        if self.use_past:
            # operator used for state reuse
            self.reducesum = P.ReduceSum().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1),))
            self.not_equal = P.NotEqual().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), ()))
            self.slice = P.StridedSlice().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1),))
            size_per_head = int(hidden_size / num_heads)
            self.key_shape = (batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, tgt_seq_length)
            self.value_shape = (batch_size, num_heads, tgt_seq_length, size_per_head)
            # parameters saving key and value states
            self.key_past = Parameter(Tensor(np.zeros(shape=self.key_shape), self.dtype), name="key_past")
            self.value_past = Parameter(Tensor(np.zeros(shape=self.value_shape), self.dtype), name="value_past")
            self.tile = P.Tile().shard(((1, 1),))
            self.mul = P.Mul().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), (1,)))
            self.assign = P.Assign().shard(((1, 1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1, 1)))

    def construct(self, hidden_stats,
                  decoder_mask,
                  encoder_output=None,
                  memory_mask=None,
                  init_reset=True, batch_valid_length=None):
        self._check_input(hidden_stats, decoder_mask, encoder_output, memory_mask, init_reset, batch_valid_length)
        # the returned shape is [bs, seq_length, embedding_size] or [bs * seq_length, embedding_size]
        hidden_shape = F.shape(hidden_stats)
        hidden_stats = F.reshape(hidden_stats, (-1, hidden_shape[-1]))
        input_x = self.layernorm1(hidden_stats)
        input_x = F.cast(input_x, self.dtype)

        # indicate whether reset saved states
        key_reset = None
        value_reset = None
        if self.use_past:
            # reset states, init_reset True for reuse and False for reset
            key_reset = self.assign(self.key_past, self.mul(self.key_past, F.cast(init_reset, self.dtype)))
            value_reset = self.assign(self.value_past, self.mul(self.value_past, F.cast(init_reset, self.dtype)))
            # add dependency for desired execution order
            input_x = F.depend(input_x, key_reset)
            input_x = F.depend(input_x, value_reset)

        attention, layer_present = self.attention(input_x, input_x, input_x, decoder_mask, self.key_past,
                                                  self.value_past, batch_valid_length)
        # For post-layernorm the inputs for residual path are output of self-attention and output of layernorm
        if self.post_layernorm_residual:
            x = self.add(input_x, attention)
        # For pre-layernorm the inputs for residual path are output of self-attention and input of this layer
        else:
            x = self.add(hidden_stats, attention)

        middle_output = None
        if encoder_output is not None:
            middle_output = self.cross_attention_layernorm(x)
            middle_output = F.cast(middle_output, self.dtype)
            cross_attn_output, cross_layer_present = self.cross_attention(middle_output, encoder_output,
                                                                          encoder_output,
                                                                          memory_mask, self.key_past,
                                                                          self.value_past, batch_valid_length)
            layer_present += cross_layer_present
            if self.post_layernorm_residual:
                x = self.add(middle_output, cross_attn_output)
            else:
                x = self.add(x, cross_attn_output)

        output_x = self.layernorm2(x)
        output_x = F.cast(output_x, self.dtype)
        aux_loss = None
        if self.use_moe is True:
            mlp_logit, aux_loss = self.output(output_x)
        else:
            mlp_logit = self.output(output_x)

        value_update = None
        key_update = None
        if self.use_past:
            # current key and value
            key_present, value_present = layer_present
            # update key and value calculated this step
            key_update = self.assign(self.key_past, key_present)
            value_update = self.assign(self.value_past, value_present)
            # add dependency for desired execution order
            key_update = F.depend(key_update, key_reset)
            value_update = F.depend(value_update, value_reset)

        # add dependency for desired execution order
        mlp_logit = F.depend(mlp_logit, value_update)
        mlp_logit = F.depend(mlp_logit, key_update)

        # if shape is 3d, we reshape the inputs of the add
        if len(hidden_shape) == 3:
            output_x = P.Reshape()(output_x, hidden_shape)
            mlp_logit = P.Reshape()(mlp_logit, hidden_shape)
            x = P.Reshape()(x, hidden_shape)

            if self.post_layernorm_residual:
                output = self.add_3d(output_x, mlp_logit)
            else:
                output = self.add_3d(x, mlp_logit)
        else:
            if self.post_layernorm_residual:
                output = self.add(output_x, mlp_logit)
            else:
                output = self.add(x, mlp_logit)
            output = F.reshape(output, hidden_shape)

        if self.use_moe is True:
            return output, layer_present, aux_loss
        return output, layer_present

    def _check_input(self, hidden_states, attention_mask, encoder_output, memory_mask, init_reset, batch_valid_length):
        r"""Check inputs"""
        if not self.use_past or (self.use_past and self.is_first_iteration):
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(hidden_states), "hidden_states", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, self.tgt_seq_length, self.hidden_size],
                                [self.batch_size * self.tgt_seq_length, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(attention_mask), "attention_mask", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, self.tgt_seq_length, self.tgt_seq_length])

        else:
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(hidden_states), "hidden_states", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, 1, self.hidden_size])
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(attention_mask), "attention_mask", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, 1, self.tgt_seq_length])
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(hidden_states), "hidden_states", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(attention_mask), "attention_mask", [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        if encoder_output is not None:
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(encoder_output), "encoder_output", self.cls_name,
                               [[self.batch_size, self.src_seq_length, self.hidden_size],
                                [self.batch_size * self.src_seq_length, self.hidden_size]])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(encoder_output), "encoder_output",
                               [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)
        if memory_mask is not None:
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(memory_mask), "memory_mask", self.cls_name,
                               [self.batch_size, self.tgt_seq_length, self.src_seq_length])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(memory_mask), "memory_mask",
                               [mstype.float32, mstype.float16], self.cls_name)

        init_reset_is_tensor = isinstance(init_reset, Tensor)
        init_reset_is_default = init_reset is True
        batch_valid_length_is_tensor = isinstance(batch_valid_length, Tensor)
        batch_is_default = batch_valid_length is None
        _check_past_none_input_none(self.use_past, "init_reset", self.cls_name, True, init_reset_is_tensor,
                                    init_reset_is_default)
        _check_past_none_input_none(self.use_past, "batch_valid_length", self.cls_name, None,
                                    batch_valid_length_is_tensor, batch_is_default)

        if self.use_past:
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(init_reset), "init_reset", self.cls_name, [1])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(init_reset), "init_reset", [mstype.bool_], self.cls_name)
            _check_shape_equal(F.shape(batch_valid_length), "batch_valid_length", self.cls_name, [self.batch_size])
            _check_input_dtype(F.dtype(batch_valid_length), "batch_valid_length", [mstype.int32], self.cls_name)
        return True


def _get_lambda_func(total_layer=None):
    r"""
        A wrapper function of specifying pipeline stage and gradient aggregation fusion. If the total layer
        is not None, for example, set in the transformer model, the pipeline stage setting function will be
        `(layer_id + 0) // (total_layers / parallel_config.pipeline_stage)` for the encoder and,
        `(layer_id + offset) //
        (total_layers / parallel_config.pipeline_stage)` for the decoder, where `offset` is the layers in the encoder.
    """

    def _set_parallel_configure_for_layer(network, layer_id, offset, parallel_config, layers):
        r"""
            Default setting for the pipeline is: `(layer_id + offset) // (layers / pipeline_stage)`.

            Args:
                network(Cell) - Represents the transformer block
                layer_id(int) - Means the layer index for the current module, counts from zero.
                offset(int) - Means the layer_index needs an offset, if there are other modules in the net.
                layers(int) - The total layers used for the model.
        """
        # override the layers
        if total_layer:
            layers = total_layer
        # Used for the pipeline's stages setting
        if layers < parallel_config.pipeline_stage:
            raise ValueError(f"layers {layers} must be larger than pipeline stage {parallel_config.pipeline_stage}")

        pp_dis = max(int(layers / parallel_config.pipeline_stage), 1)
        # the pipeline stage must be in [0, parallel_config.pipeline_stage - 1]
        pp_id = min((layer_id + offset) // pp_dis, parallel_config.pipeline_stage - 1)
        network.pipeline_stage = pp_id
        logger.info(f"pipeline stage id is {pp_id}")

        # Used for optimizer's fusion tag
        dis = max(int(layers / parallel_config.gradient_aggregation_group), 1)
        network.set_comm_fusion(int((layer_id + offset) / dis) + 1)
        # Used for enabling recomputation of the block
        if isinstance(parallel_config.recompute, bool):
            if parallel_config.recompute:
                network.recompute()
        else:
            if parallel_config.recompute.recompute:
                network.recompute(parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute=
                                  parallel_config.recompute.parallel_optimizer_comm_recompute,
                                  mp_comm_recompute=parallel_config.recompute.mp_comm_recompute,
                                  recompute_slice_activation=parallel_config.recompute.recompute_slice_activation)

    return _set_parallel_configure_for_layer


class TransformerEncoder(Cell):
    r"""
    Transformer Encoder module with multi-layer stacked of `TransformerEncoderLayer`, including multihead self
    attention and feedforward layer.

    Args:
        batch_size(int): The batch size of the input tensor.
        num_layers(int): The layers of the `TransformerEncoderLayer`
        hidden_size(int): The hidden size of the input.
        ffn_hidden_size(int): The hidden size of bottleneck in the feedforward layer.
        seq_length(int): The seq_length of the input tensor.
        num_heads(int): The number of the heads.
        hidden_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the final output of the layer. Default:0.1
        attention_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the attention scores. Default:0.1
        post_layernorm_residual(bool): Do residuals adds before the layernorm. Default False.
        hidden_act(str): The activation of the internal feedforward layer. Supports 'relu',
                         'relu6', 'tanh', 'gelu', 'fast_gelu', 'elu', 'sigmoid', 'prelu', 'leakyrelu', 'hswish',
                         'hsigmoid', 'logsigmoid' and so on. Default: gelu.
        layernorm_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the layernorm.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        softmax_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the softmax in the attention.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default mstype.float32.
        param_init_type(dtype.Number): The parameter initialization type of the module.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        use_past(bool): Use the past state to compute, used for incremental prediction. For example, if we have two
            words and want to generate the ten more words. We just need to compute the two words's state only once,
            and generate the next word one by one. When use_past is True, there are two steps to run the prediction.
            The first step, set the is_first_iteration to be True by
            `model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=True)`, and pass the full inputs. Then, set the
            is_first_iteration to be False by `model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=False)`. At this moment,
            pass the single step's input tensor, and loop it. Default False.
        lambda_func: A function can determine the fusion index, pipeline stages and recompute attribute. If the user
            wants to determine the pipeline stage and gradient aggregation fusion, the user can pass a function
            that accepts `network`, `layer_id`, `offset`, `parallel_config`, `layers`. The `network(Cell)`
            represents the transformer block, `layer_id(int)` means the layer index for the current module, counts from
            zero, `offset(int)` means the layer_index needs an offset, if there are other modules in the net. The
            default setting for the pipeline is: `(layer_id + offset) // (layers / pipeline_stage)`.
        offset(int): The initial layer index for the `decoder`. Used for setting the fusion id and stage id, to not
            overlap with the encoder layer.
        moe_config(MoEConfig): The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert).
        parallel_config(TransformerOpParallelConfig): The parallel configure. Default `default_transformer_config`,
                                           an instance of `TransformerOpParallelConfig` with default args.

    Inputs:
        - **hidden_states** (Tensor) - Tensor, shape should be [batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size], if the use_past is False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise,
          should be [batch_size, 1, hidden_size].
        - **attention_mask** (Tensor) - Tensor, attention mask with shape [batch_size, seq_length, seq_length]
        - **init_reset** (Tensor) - A bool tensor with shape [1], used to clear the past key parameter and
          past value parameter used in the incremental prediction. Only valid when use_past is True. Default True
        - **batch_valid_length** (Tensor) - Int32 tensor with shape [batch_size] the past calculated the index. Used
          for incremental prediction when the use_past is True. Default None.

    Outputs:
        Tuple, a tuple contains(`output`, `layer_present`)

        - **output** (Tensor) - The float tensor of the output of the layer with
          shape (batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size) or (batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size), if the use_past is
          False or is_first_iteration=True. Otherwise, it will be (batch_size, 1, hidden_size).
        - **layer_present** (Tuple) - A tuple with size of num_layers, where each tuple contains the Tensor the
          projected key and value vector with shape ((batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, seq_length),
          and (batch_size, num_heads, seq_length, size_per_head)).

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore import dtype as mstype
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import TransformerEncoder
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> model = TransformerEncoder(batch_size=2, num_layers=2, hidden_size=8, ffn_hidden_size=64, seq_length=16,
        ...                            num_heads=2)
        >>> encoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 16, 8)), mstype.float32)
        >>> encoder_input_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 16, 16)), mstype.float16)
        >>> output, past = model(encoder_input_value, encoder_input_mask)
        >>> print(output.shape)
        (2, 16, 8)
        >>> print(len(past))
        2
        >>> print(past[0][0].shape)
        (2, 2, 4, 16)
        >>> print(past[0][1].shape)
        (2, 2, 16, 4)
        # When use use_past=True, it includes two steps to implement the incremental prediction.
        # Step 1: set is_first_iteration=True, and input the full sequence length's state.
        >>> batch_valid_length = Tensor(np.ones((2,)), mstype.int32)
        >>> init_reset = Tensor([True], mstype.bool_)
        # Set is_first_iteration=True to generate the full memory states
        >>> model = TransformerEncoder(batch_size=2, hidden_size=8, ffn_hidden_size=64, seq_length=16,
        ...                            num_heads=2, num_layers=2, use_past=True)
        >>> model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=True)
        >>> hidden, past = model(encoder_input_value, encoder_input_mask, init_reset, batch_valid_length)
        >>> print(hidden.shape)
        (2, 16, 8)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 2, 4, 16)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 2, 16, 4)
        >>> encoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 1, 8)), mstype.float32)
        >>> encoder_input_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 1, 16)), mstype.float16)
        >>> init_reset = Tensor([False], mstype.bool_)
        # Step 2: set is_first_iteration=False, and pass the single word to run the prediction rather than the full
        # sequence.
        >>> model.add_flags_recursive(is_first_iteration=False)
        >>> hidden, past = model(encoder_input_value, encoder_input_mask, init_reset, batch_valid_length)
        >>> print(hidden.shape)
        (2, 1, 8)
        >>> print(past[0].shape)
        (2, 2, 4, 16)
        >>> print(past[1].shape)
        (2, 2, 16, 4)
    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(batch_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                num_heads=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                ffn_hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                num_layers=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                offset=Validator.check_non_negative_int,
                                attention_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_act=_valid_type_checks([str], "TransformerEncoder"),
                                post_layernorm_residual=Validator.check_bool,
                                layernorm_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                           "TransformerEncoder"),
                                softmax_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                         "TransformerEncoder"),
                                param_init_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                    "TransformerEncoder"),
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([TransformerOpParallelConfig],
                                                                   "TransformerEncoder"),
                                use_past=Validator.check_bool)
    def __init__(self,
                 batch_size,
                 num_layers,
                 hidden_size,
                 ffn_hidden_size,
                 seq_length,
                 num_heads,
                 attention_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 hidden_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 hidden_act='gelu',
                 post_layernorm_residual=False,
                 layernorm_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 softmax_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 param_init_type=mstype.float32,
                 lambda_func=None,
                 offset=0,
                 use_past=False,
                 moe_config=default_moe_config,
                 parallel_config=default_transformer_config):
        super(TransformerEncoder, self).__init__()
        _check_config(parallel_config)

        self.use_moe = (moe_config.expert_num > 1)
        self.add = P.Add().shard(((), ()))
        self.aux_loss = Tensor(0.0, mstype.float32)
        if _get_parallel_mode() in (ParallelMode.AUTO_PARALLEL,):
            raise RuntimeError(f"The {self.cls_name} does not support auto parallel mode now.")
        self.num_layers = num_layers
        self.blocks = nn.CellList()
        for i in range(num_layers):
            block = TransformerEncoderLayer(hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                            batch_size=batch_size,
                                            ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
                                            seq_length=seq_length,
                                            attention_dropout_rate=attention_dropout_rate,
                                            hidden_dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                            layernorm_compute_type=layernorm_compute_type,
                                            softmax_compute_type=softmax_compute_type,
                                            num_heads=num_heads,
                                            hidden_act=hidden_act,
                                            post_layernorm_residual=post_layernorm_residual,
                                            param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                            use_past=use_past,
                                            moe_config=moe_config,
                                            parallel_config=parallel_config.dp_mp_config)
            # If the user doesn't pass the fusion function, use the default one
            if not lambda_func:
                lambda_func = _get_lambda_func()

            lambda_func(block, layer_id=i, layers=num_layers,
                        offset=offset, parallel_config=parallel_config)
            self.blocks.append(block)

    def construct(self, hidden_states, attention_mask, init_reset=True, batch_valid_length=None):
        present_layer = ()
        if self.use_moe is True:
            accum_loss = self.aux_loss
            for i in range(self.num_layers):
                hidden_states, present, aux_loss = self.blocks[i](hidden_states,
                                                                  attention_mask,
                                                                  init_reset,
                                                                  batch_valid_length)
                present_layer = present_layer + (present,)
                accum_loss = self.add(accum_loss, aux_loss)
            return hidden_states, present_layer, accum_loss

        for i in range(self.num_layers):
            hidden_states, present = self.blocks[i](hidden_states,
                                                    attention_mask,
                                                    init_reset,
                                                    batch_valid_length)
            present_layer = present_layer + (present,)

        return hidden_states, present_layer


class TransformerDecoder(Cell):
    r"""
    Transformer Decoder module with multi-layer stacked of `TransformerDecoderLayer`, including multihead self
    attention, cross attention and feedforward layer.

    Args:
        batch_size(int): The batch size of the input tensor.
        num_layers(int): The layers of the `TransformerDecoderLayer`.
        hidden_size(int): The hidden size of the input.
        ffn_hidden_size(int): The hidden size of bottleneck in the feedforward layer.
        src_seq_length(int): The input source sequence length.
        tgt_seq_length(int): The input target sequence length.
        num_heads(int): The number of the heads.
        hidden_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the final output of the layer. Default:0.1.
        attention_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the attention scores. Default:0.1.
        post_layernorm_residual(bool): Do residuals adds before the layernorm. Default False.
        hidden_act(str): The activation of the internal feedforward layer. Supports 'relu',
                         'relu6', 'tanh', 'gelu', 'fast_gelu', 'elu', 'sigmoid', 'prelu', 'leakyrelu', 'hswish',
                         'hsigmoid', 'logsigmoid' and so on. Default: gelu.
        layernorm_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the layernorm.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        softmax_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the softmax in the attention.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default mstype.float32.
        param_init_type(dtype.Number): The parameter initialization type of the module.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        offset(int): The initial layer index for the `decoder`. Used for setting the fusion id and stage id, to not
            overlap with the encoder layer.
        lambda_func: A function can determine the fusion index, pipeline stages and recompute attribute. If the user
            wants to determine the pipeline stage and gradient aggregation fusion, the user can pass a function
            that accepts `network`, `layer_id`, `offset`, `parallel_config`, `layers`. The `network(Cell)`
            represents the transformer block, `layer_id(int)` means the layer index for the current module, counts from
            zero, `offset(int)` means the layer_index needs an offset, if there are other modules in the net. The
            default setting for the pipeline is: `(layer_id + offset) // (layers / pipeline_stage)`.
            Default: None.
        use_past(bool): Use the past state to compute, used for incremental prediction. Default False.
        moe_config(MoEConfig): The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert).
        parallel_config(TransformerOpParallelConfig): The parallel configure. Default `default_transformer_config`,
                                           an instance of `TransformerOpParallelConfig` with default args.

    Inputs:
        - **hidden_stats** (Tensor) - the input tensor with shape [batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size]
        - **attention_mask** (Tensor) - the attention mask for decoder with shape [batch_size, seq_length, seq_length]
        - **encoder_output** (Tensor) - the output of the encoder with shape [batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size]. Note this args can not be passed by None when the net is in outermost
          layer. Default None.
        - **memory_mask** (Tensor) - the memory mask of the cross attention with shape [batch, tgt_seq_length,
          src_seq_length] where tgt_seq_length is the length of the decoder. Note this args can not be passed by
          None when the net is in outermost layer. Default None.
        - **init_reset** (Tensor) - A bool tensor with shape [1], used to clear the past key parameter and
          past value parameter used in the incremental prediction. Only valid when use_past is True. Default True
        - **batch_valid_length** (Tensor) - Int32 tensor with shape [batch_size] the past calculated the index.
          Used for incremental prediction when the use_past is True. Default None.

    Outputs:
        Tuple, a tuple contains(`output`, `layer_present`)

        - **output** (Tensor) - The output logit of this layer. The shape is [batch, tgt_seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch * tgt_seq_length, hidden_size]
        - **layer_present** (Tuple) - A tuple with size of num_layers, where each tuple is the tensor of the projected
          key and value vector in self attention with shape ((batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, tgt_seq_length),
          (batch_size, num_heads, tgt_seq_length, size_per_head), and of the projected key and value vector
          in cross attention with shape  (batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, src_seq_length),
          (batch_size, num_heads, src_seq_length, size_per_head)).

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore import dtype as mstype
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import TransformerDecoder
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> model = TransformerDecoder(batch_size=2, num_layers=1, hidden_size=64, ffn_hidden_size=64,
        ...                            num_heads=2, src_seq_length=20, tgt_seq_length=10)
        >>> encoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 20, 64)), mstype.float32)
        >>> decoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 64)), mstype.float32)
        >>> decoder_input_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 10)), mstype.float16)
        >>> memory_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 20)), mstype.float16)
        >>> output, past = model(decoder_input_value, decoder_input_mask, encoder_input_value, memory_mask)
        >>> print(output.shape)
        (2, 10, 64)
        >>> print(len(past))
        1
        >>> print(past[0][0].shape)
        (2, 2, 32, 10)
        >>> print(past[0][1].shape)
        (2, 2, 10, 32)
        >>> print(past[0][2].shape)
        (2, 2, 32, 20)
        >>> print(past[0][3].shape)
        (2, 2, 20, 32)

    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(batch_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                num_heads=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                ffn_hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                src_seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                num_layers=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                tgt_seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                offset=Validator.check_non_negative_int,
                                attention_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_act=_valid_type_checks([str], "TransformerDecoder"),
                                post_layernorm_residual=Validator.check_bool,
                                layernorm_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                           "TransformerDecoder"),
                                softmax_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                         "TransformerDecoder"),
                                param_init_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                    "TransformerDecoder"),
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([TransformerOpParallelConfig],
                                                                   "TransformerDecoder"),
                                use_past=Validator.check_bool)
    def __init__(self,
                 num_layers,
                 batch_size,
                 hidden_size,
                 ffn_hidden_size,
                 src_seq_length,
                 tgt_seq_length,
                 num_heads,
                 attention_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 hidden_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 post_layernorm_residual=False,
                 layernorm_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 softmax_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 param_init_type=mstype.float32,
                 hidden_act='gelu',
                 lambda_func=None,
                 use_past=False,
                 offset=0,
                 moe_config=default_moe_config,
                 parallel_config=default_transformer_config):
        super(TransformerDecoder, self).__init__()
        _check_config(parallel_config)

        self.add = P.Add().shard(((), ()))
        self.aux_loss = Tensor(0.0, mstype.float32)
        if _get_parallel_mode() in (ParallelMode.AUTO_PARALLEL,):
            raise RuntimeError(f"The {self.cls_name} does not support auto parallel mode now.")
        self.num_layers = num_layers
        self.blocks = nn.CellList()
        self.use_moe = (moe_config.expert_num > 1)
        for i in range(num_layers):
            block = TransformerDecoderLayer(hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                            batch_size=batch_size,
                                            ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
                                            src_seq_length=src_seq_length,
                                            tgt_seq_length=tgt_seq_length,
                                            attention_dropout_rate=attention_dropout_rate,
                                            hidden_dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                            num_heads=num_heads,
                                            layernorm_compute_type=layernorm_compute_type,
                                            softmax_compute_type=softmax_compute_type,
                                            hidden_act=hidden_act,
                                            use_past=use_past,
                                            param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                            post_layernorm_residual=post_layernorm_residual,
                                            moe_config=moe_config,
                                            parallel_config=parallel_config.dp_mp_config)
            # If the user doesn't pass the fusion function, use the default one
            if not lambda_func:
                lambda_func = _get_lambda_func()

            lambda_func(block, layer_id=i, layers=num_layers,
                        offset=offset, parallel_config=parallel_config)

            self.blocks.append(block)

    def construct(self, hidden_states, attention_mask, encoder_output=None, memory_mask=None,
                  init_reset=True, batch_valid_length=None):
        present_layer = ()
        if self.use_moe is True:
            accum_loss = self.aux_loss
            for i in range(self.num_layers):
                hidden_states, present, aux_loss = self.blocks[i](hidden_states,
                                                                  attention_mask,
                                                                  encoder_output,
                                                                  memory_mask,
                                                                  init_reset,
                                                                  batch_valid_length)
                present_layer = present_layer + (present,)
                accum_loss = self.add(accum_loss, aux_loss)
            return hidden_states, present_layer, accum_loss

        # Loop through each self-attention layer
        for i in range(self.num_layers):
            hidden_states, present = self.blocks[i](hidden_states,
                                                    attention_mask,
                                                    encoder_output,
                                                    memory_mask,
                                                    init_reset,
                                                    batch_valid_length)
            present_layer = present_layer + (present,)

        return hidden_states, present_layer


class Transformer(Cell):
    r"""
    Transformer module including encoder and decoder. The difference with the original implements is the module use
    the residual addition before the layer normalization. And the default hidden act is `gelu`.
    The details can be found in `Attention is all you need <https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.03762v5.pdf>`_.

    Note:
        This is an experimental interface that is subject to change and/or deletion.

    Args:
        batch_size(int): The batch size of the input tensor.
        encoder_layers(int): The layers of the `TransformerEncoderLayer`.
        decoder_layers(int): The layers of the `TransformerDecoderLayer`.
        hidden_size(int): The hidden size of the input.
        ffn_hidden_size(int): The hidden size of bottleneck in the feedforward layer.
        src_seq_length(int): The seq_length of the encoder's input tensor.
        tgt_seq_length(int): The seq_length of the decoder's input tensor.
        num_heads(int): The number of the heads. Default: 2.
        hidden_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the final output of the layer. Default:0.1
        attention_dropout_rate(float): The dropout rate of the attention scores. Default:0.1
        post_layernorm_residual(bool): Do residuals adds before the layernorm. Default False.
        layernorm_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the layernorm.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        softmax_compute_type(dtype.Number): The computation type of the softmax in the attention.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default mstype.float32.
        param_init_type(dtype.Number): The parameter initialization type of the module.
            Should be dtype.float32 or dtype.float16. Default dtype.float32.
        hidden_act(str): The activation of the internal feedforward layer. Supports 'relu',
                         'relu6', 'tanh', 'gelu', 'fast_gelu', 'elu', 'sigmoid', 'prelu', 'leakyrelu', 'hswish',
                         'hsigmoid', 'logsigmoid' and so on. Default: gelu.
        use_past(bool): Use the past state to compute, used for incremental prediction. Default False.
        moe_config(MoEConfig): The configuration of MoE (Mixture of Expert).
        lambda_func: A function can determine the fusion index, pipeline stages and recompute attribute. If the user
            wants to determine the pipeline stage and gradient aggregation fusion, the user can pass a function
            that accepts `network`, `layer_id`, `offset`, `parallel_config`, `layers`. The `network(Cell)`
            represents the transformer block, `layer_id(int)` means the layer index for the current module, counts from
            zero, `offset(int)` means the layer_index needs an offset, if there are other modules in the net. The
            default setting for the pipeline is: `(layer_id + offset) // ((encoder_layers + decoder_length)
            / pipeline_stage)`.
        parallel_config(TransformerOpParallelConfig): The parallel configure. Default `default_transformer_config`,
                                           an instance of `TransformerOpParallelConfig` with default args.

    Inputs:
        - **encoder_inputs** (Tensor) - the input tensor with shape [batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size].
        - **encoder_masks** (Tensor) - the attention mask for decoder with shape [batch_size, seq_length, seq_length].
        - **decoder_inputs** (Tensor) - the output of the encoder with shape [batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch_size * seq_length, hidden_size],
          this should be none if the decoder layer is 0.
        - **decoder_masks** (Tensor) - the attention mask for decoder with shape [batch_size, seq_length, seq_length]
        - **memory_mask** (Tensor) - the memory mask of the cross attention with shape [batch, tgt_seq_length,
          src_seq_length]
          where tgt_seq_length is the length of the decoder. the output of the encoder with shape [batch_size,
          seq_length, hidden_size], this should be none if the decoder layer is 0.
        - **init_reset** (Tensor) - A bool tensor with shape [1], used to clear the past key parameter and
          past value parameter used in the incremental prediction. Only valid when use_past is True. Default True
        - **batch_valid_length** (Tensor) - Int32 tensor with shape [batch_size] the past calculated the index. Used
          for incremental prediction when the use_past is True. Default None.

    Outputs:
        Tuple, a tuple contains(`output`, `encoder_layer_present`, `encoder_layer_present`)

        - **output** (Tensor) - If there is only encoder, the output logit of the encoder layer. The shape is
          [batch, src_seq_length, hidden_size] or [batch * src_seq_length, hidden_size], if there are encoder and
          decoders, the output is from the decoder layer. The shape is [batch, tgt_seq_length, hidden_size] or
          [batch * tgt_seq_length, hidden_size].
        - **encoder_layer_present** (Tuple) - A tuple with size of num_layers, where each tuple is the tensor the
          projected key and value vector in self attention with shape ((batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head,
          src_seq_length), (batch_size, num_heads, src_seq_length, size_per_head)).
        - **decoder_layer_present** (Tuple) - A tuple with size of num_layers, where each tuple is the tensor
          of the projected key and value vector in self attention with shape ((batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head,
          tgt_seq_length), (batch_size, num_heads, tgt_seq_length, size_per_head)), and the
          projected key and value vector in cross attention with shape
          (batch_size, num_heads, size_per_head, src_seq_length),
          (batch_size, num_heads, src_seq_length, size_per_head)). If the decoder is not set, the
          returned value will be None.

    Supported Platforms:
        ``Ascend`` ``GPU``

    Examples:
        >>> import numpy as np
        >>> from mindspore import dtype as mstype
        >>> from mindspore.parallel.nn import Transformer
        >>> from mindspore import Tensor
        >>> model = Transformer(batch_size=2, encoder_layers=1, decoder_layers=2, hidden_size=64, ffn_hidden_size=64,
        ...         src_seq_length=20, tgt_seq_length=10)
        >>> encoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 20, 64)), mstype.float32)
        >>> encoder_input_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 20, 20)), mstype.float16)
        >>> decoder_input_value = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 64)), mstype.float32)
        >>> decoder_input_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 10)), mstype.float16)
        >>> memory_mask = Tensor(np.ones((2, 10, 20)), mstype.float16)
        >>> output, en_past, de_past = model(encoder_input_value, encoder_input_mask, decoder_input_value,
        ...                                  decoder_input_mask, memory_mask)
        >>> print(output.shape)
        (2, 10, 64)
        >>> print(len(en_past))
        1
        >>> print(len(de_past))
        2
        >>> print(en_past[0][0].shape)
        (2, 2, 32, 20)
        >>> print(en_past[0][1].shape)
        (2, 2, 20, 32)
        >>> print(de_past[0][0].shape)
        (2, 2, 32, 10)
        >>> print(de_past[0][1].shape)
        (2, 2, 10, 32)
        >>> print(de_past[0][2].shape)
        (2, 2, 32, 20)
        >>> print(de_past[0][3].shape)
        (2, 2, 20, 32)

    """

    @_args_type_validator_check(batch_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                num_heads=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                ffn_hidden_size=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                src_seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                encoder_layers=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                decoder_layers=Validator.check_non_negative_int,
                                tgt_seq_length=Validator.check_positive_int,
                                attention_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_dropout_rate=Validator.check_non_negative_float,
                                hidden_act=_valid_type_checks([str], "Transformer"),
                                post_layernorm_residual=Validator.check_bool,
                                layernorm_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                           "Transformer"),
                                softmax_compute_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16],
                                                                         "Transformer"),
                                param_init_type=_valid_value_checks([mstype.float32, mstype.float16], "Transformer"),
                                parallel_config=_valid_type_checks([TransformerOpParallelConfig], "Transformer"),
                                use_past=Validator.check_bool)
    def __init__(self,
                 hidden_size,
                 batch_size,
                 ffn_hidden_size,
                 src_seq_length,
                 tgt_seq_length,
                 encoder_layers=3,
                 decoder_layers=3,
                 num_heads=2,
                 attention_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 hidden_dropout_rate=0.1,
                 hidden_act='gelu',
                 post_layernorm_residual=False,
                 layernorm_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 softmax_compute_type=mstype.float32,
                 param_init_type=mstype.float32,
                 lambda_func=None,
                 use_past=False,
                 moe_config=default_moe_config,
                 parallel_config=default_transformer_config):
        super(Transformer, self).__init__()
        _check_config(parallel_config)
        self.batch_size = batch_size
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
        self.src_seq_length = src_seq_length
        self.tgt_seq_length = tgt_seq_length
        self.use_past = use_past
        if encoder_layers <= 0 < decoder_layers:
            raise ValueError(f"Transformer doest support encoder layer {encoder_layers} and decoder"
                             f"layer {decoder_layers}, please use TransformerDecoder")
        if encoder_layers > 0 and decoder_layers > 0 and use_past is True:
            raise ValueError(f"The {self.cls_name} with encoder and decoder does not support use_past=True.")
        if _get_parallel_mode() in (ParallelMode.AUTO_PARALLEL,):
            raise RuntimeError(f"The {self.cls_name} does not support auto parallel mode now.")
        # The shard setting of Transformer is set within the TransformerEncoderLayer
        if not lambda_func:
            lambda_func = _get_lambda_func(total_layer=encoder_layers + decoder_layers)

        self.use_moe = (moe_config.expert_num > 1)
        self.add = P.Add().shard(((), ()))
        self.aux_loss = Tensor(0.0, mstype.float32)
        if encoder_layers > 0:
            self.encoder = TransformerEncoder(num_layers=encoder_layers,
                                              batch_size=batch_size,
                                              hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                              ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
                                              num_heads=num_heads,
                                              seq_length=src_seq_length,
                                              attention_dropout_rate=attention_dropout_rate,
                                              hidden_dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                              hidden_act=hidden_act,
                                              layernorm_compute_type=layernorm_compute_type,
                                              softmax_compute_type=softmax_compute_type,
                                              post_layernorm_residual=post_layernorm_residual,
                                              param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                              lambda_func=lambda_func,
                                              use_past=use_past,
                                              moe_config=moe_config,
                                              parallel_config=parallel_config)
        else:
            self.encoder = None

        # Offset is needed as the encoder has consumed some flags.
        # so the decoder need to increase the flags based on the encoder layer
        self.decoder = None
        if decoder_layers > 0:
            self.decoder = TransformerDecoder(num_layers=decoder_layers,
                                              batch_size=batch_size,
                                              hidden_size=hidden_size,
                                              ffn_hidden_size=ffn_hidden_size,
                                              num_heads=num_heads,
                                              src_seq_length=src_seq_length,
                                              tgt_seq_length=tgt_seq_length,
                                              attention_dropout_rate=attention_dropout_rate,
                                              hidden_dropout_rate=hidden_dropout_rate,
                                              hidden_act=hidden_act,
                                              post_layernorm_residual=post_layernorm_residual,
                                              layernorm_compute_type=layernorm_compute_type,
                                              softmax_compute_type=softmax_compute_type,
                                              lambda_func=lambda_func,
                                              use_past=use_past,
                                              param_init_type=param_init_type,
                                              offset=encoder_layers,
                                              moe_config=moe_config,
                                              parallel_config=parallel_config)

    def construct(self, encoder_inputs,
                  encoder_masks,
                  decoder_inputs=None,
                  decoder_masks=None,
                  memory_mask=None,
                  init_reset=True,
                  batch_valid_length=None):

        encoder_output = None
        output = None
        encoder_layer_present = None
        decoder_layer_present = None
        accum_loss = self.aux_loss
        if self.encoder is not None:
            if self.use_moe is True:
                encoder_output, encoder_layer_present, encoder_aux_loss = self.encoder(encoder_inputs, encoder_masks,
                                                                                       init_reset, batch_valid_length)
                accum_loss = self.add(accum_loss, encoder_aux_loss)
            else:
                encoder_output, encoder_layer_present = self.encoder(encoder_inputs, encoder_masks, init_reset,
                                                                     batch_valid_length)
            output = encoder_output

        if self.decoder is not None:
            # decoder mask should be created outside of the model
            if self.use_moe is True:
                decoder_output, decoder_layer_present, decoder_aux_loss = self.decoder(decoder_inputs, decoder_masks,
                                                                                       encoder_output, memory_mask,
                                                                                       init_reset, batch_valid_length)
                accum_loss = self.add(accum_loss, decoder_aux_loss)
            else:
                decoder_output, decoder_layer_present = self.decoder(decoder_inputs,
                                                                     decoder_masks,
                                                                     encoder_output,
                                                                     memory_mask, init_reset,
                                                                     batch_valid_length)
            output = decoder_output
        if self.use_moe is True:
            return output, encoder_layer_present, decoder_layer_present, accum_loss
        return output, encoder_layer_present, decoder_layer_present